HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test

Questions 31

HESI A2

HESI A2 Test Bank

HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology Practice Test Questions

Question 1 of 5

Which enzyme functions to break down lactose, a specific sugar found in milk and dairy products?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Lactase. Lactase is the enzyme responsible for breaking down lactose into glucose and galactose. This process is essential for individuals to digest lactose found in milk and dairy products. Catalase (A) breaks down hydrogen peroxide, Lipase (B) breaks down fats, and Protease (C) breaks down proteins, none of which are involved in lactose digestion. Therefore, the correct choice is D as it specifically targets lactose breakdown.

Question 2 of 5

Which of the following is not part of the axial skeletal system?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: the radius. The axial skeletal system consists of the skull, ribs, and breastbone, which are all located along the body's central axis. The radius is actually part of the appendicular skeletal system, specifically a bone in the forearm, not part of the axial skeleton. It plays a role in forearm rotation and helps to form the elbow joint. Therefore, the radius is not part of the axial skeletal system, making choice D the correct answer.

Question 3 of 5

What is the normal pH of human arterial blood?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B (7.4). Arterial blood pH must be maintained within a narrow range for proper physiological function. The normal pH of arterial blood is around 7.4, which is slightly alkaline. Deviations from this range can lead to serious health issues. Choice A (6.8) is too acidic for arterial blood, which would indicate acidosis. Choice C (7.9) and D (8.2) are too alkaline, which would indicate alkalosis. Therefore, the correct answer is B (7.4) as it falls within the normal physiological pH range for arterial blood.

Question 4 of 5

Which organ system is primarily responsible for integrating voluntary movements?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nervous system. The nervous system is primarily responsible for integrating voluntary movements as it consists of the brain and spinal cord, which control voluntary actions through the transmission of electrical signals to muscles. The cardiovascular system (A), digestive system (B), and respiratory system (C) are not directly involved in controlling voluntary movements, making them incorrect choices.

Question 5 of 5

How might an injury to the parietal lobe impact an individual?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: An injury to the parietal lobe can impact perception because this lobe is responsible for processing sensory information such as touch, spatial awareness, and interpreting the environment. Damage to the parietal lobe can result in difficulties in recognizing objects, understanding spatial relationships, and integrating sensory information. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because the parietal lobe is not directly involved in regulating breathing, attention, or memory functions.

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