Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen are typically involved in hydrogen bonding due to their high electronegativity, which allows them to form strong partial charges. This creates a polar covalent bond with hydrogen, leading to hydrogen bonding. Fluorine, chlorine, and oxygen (Choice B) are incorrect as chlorine is not typically involved. Carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen (Choice A) lack the necessary electronegativity for hydrogen bonding. Fluorine, chlorine, and nitrogen (Choice C) also lack the required electronegativity for effective hydrogen bonding. In summary, only elements with high electronegativity like fluorine, oxygen, and nitrogen are typically involved in hydrogen bonding.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Cations. Positively charged ions are called cations because they have lost electrons, resulting in a net positive charge. Neutrons (A) are neutral particles found in the nucleus, not charged. Protons (B) are positively charged particles in the nucleus but not considered ions. Electrons (D) are negatively charged particles orbiting the nucleus and form anions when gained. Therefore, Cations are the correct answer as they specifically refer to positively charged ions due to electron loss.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nuclear. Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom, such as nuclear fusion or fission, to achieve stable nuclear configurations by balancing the number of protons and neutrons. Chemical reactions (Choice A) involve changes in electron configurations, not the nucleus. Physical reactions (Choice C) involve changes in state or structure, not nuclear configurations. Mechanical reactions (Choice D) involve forces and motion, not changes in the nucleus for stability. Therefore, option B is the correct choice for reactions taking place in the nucleus to achieve stable nuclear configurations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: +2. Alpha radiation particles are helium nuclei consisting of 2 protons and 2 neutrons, giving them a charge of +2. This charge is due to the presence of 2 protons, which are positively charged particles. Choice A (-2) is incorrect as alpha particles are positively charged. Choice B (0) is incorrect as alpha particles have a positive charge. Choice D (+1) is incorrect as alpha particles have a charge of +2 due to the presence of 2 protons.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Anions. Negatively charged ions are referred to as anions because they have gained extra electrons, resulting in a negative charge. Neutrons (A) are neutral particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Protons (B) are positively charged particles found in the nucleus. Cations (D) are positively charged ions that have lost electrons. Therefore, based on the definition of negatively charged ions, anions are the correct choice.