HESI A2 Biology 2024

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Green. Chlorophyll, the pigment responsible for photosynthesis, absorbs light most efficiently in the red and blue regions of the spectrum. Green light is reflected, making it least effective. Violet, orange, and red lights are more readily absorbed by chlorophyll, enhancing photosynthesis. This is due to the specific absorption spectrum of chlorophyll, where green light is least absorbed.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cocci. Cocci are spherical bacteria, typically found in clusters or chains. Clostridia (A) are rod-shaped bacteria, Bacilli (B) are also rod-shaped, and Spirilla (C) are spiral-shaped. The key characteristic of cocci is their round shape, distinguishing them from the other options.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Mitosis. In the tip of a plant's root, cells undergo mitosis to increase in number. In mitosis, a parent cell divides into two identical daughter cells, ensuring the growth and repair of tissues. Meiosis, choice A, is a process of cell division that produces gametes with half the genetic material. Cytokinesis, choice B, is the process of cytoplasmic division following cell division. Fractioning, choice C, is not a biological process related to cell division. Mitosis is the only process mentioned that specifically describes cell division for growth and repair in plants.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because counting birds at the same feeder at two different times (noon and 6:00 P.M.) provides a more accurate representation of bird activity throughout the day. This method allows the student to observe any variations in bird populations at different times, capturing potential fluctuations in activity levels. Choice A (counting birds at one feeder every 6 hours) may miss out on important changes in bird presence during different times of the day. Choice B (counting birds at three feeders at noon and 6:00 P.M.) increases the complexity and potential for errors in data collection. Choice D (counting birds at three feeders every 6 hours) may lead to redundancy and a lack of focus on specific feeding areas.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Golgi apparatus. Protists are eukaryotic organisms, so they have membrane-bound organelles like the Golgi apparatus. Monerans, which are prokaryotic organisms, lack membrane-bound organelles. The Golgi apparatus is essential for processing and packaging proteins for secretion or for use within the cell. Chromosomes (B) are found in both protists and monerans, as they contain genetic material. Cytoplasm (C) is a basic component of all cells, found in both protists and monerans. Cell membrane (D) is also present in both protists and monerans, as it is essential for maintaining cell structure and regulating the movement of substances in and out of the cell.