Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nuclear. Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom, such as nuclear fusion or fission, to achieve stable nuclear configurations by balancing the number of protons and neutrons. Chemical reactions (Choice A) involve changes in electron configurations, not the nucleus. Physical reactions (Choice C) involve changes in state or structure, not nuclear configurations. Mechanical reactions (Choice D) involve forces and motion, not changes in the nucleus for stability. Therefore, option B is the correct choice for reactions taking place in the nucleus to achieve stable nuclear configurations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Group VA elements in the periodic table belong to the nitrogen family, including nitrogen, phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth. These elements typically have a charge of -3 because they have 5 valence electrons and tend to gain 3 electrons to achieve a stable octet configuration. This results in a 3- charge. Therefore, choice C (-3) is the correct answer. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because Group VA elements do not typically have a charge of -1, -2, or 0 respectively based on their electron configuration and tendency to gain electrons.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ionic & covalent. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, resulting in the formation of positive and negative ions. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between atoms. These two types of bonding are distinct in their electron behavior and resulting bond strength. Choice A is incorrect as hydrogen bonding is a type of intermolecular force, not a primary chemical bond. Choice C is incorrect as hydrogen bonding is not a primary chemical bond and ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons, not hydrogen atoms. Choice D is incorrect as metallic bonding involves the sharing of electrons in a sea of electrons, not between specific atoms.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Single replacement. In this type of reaction, an active metal replaces another metal in an ionic compound, forming a new compound. This is due to the reactivity of the active metal displacing the less reactive metal in the compound. Combustion (choice A) involves a substance reacting with oxygen to produce heat and light. Synthesis (choice C) is the combination of two or more substances to form a new compound. Decomposition (choice D) is when a compound breaks down into simpler substances. In this scenario, single replacement best fits the description of an active metal reacting with an ionic compound to create a new compound.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrogen and oxygen. Water decomposes into hydrogen and oxygen through a process called electrolysis. In this process, an electric current is passed through water, causing it to break down into its constituent elements. Hydrogen is produced at the cathode, while oxygen is produced at the anode. This is a well-known and scientifically proven reaction. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because water does not decompose into carbon dioxide, nitrogen, or methane under normal conditions. This can be confirmed by studying the chemical properties and reactions of water.