Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ionic. In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions that are attracted to each other due to electrostatic forces. This bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal. Covalent bonds (choice A) involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, not the transfer. Metallic bonds (choice B) occur between metal atoms sharing a sea of electrons. Hydrogen bonds (choice D) are weak attractions between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Physical. When no change is made to the chemical composition of a substance, it indicates a physical change. In physical changes, the substance retains its chemical identity and only its physical properties, such as shape, size, and state, are altered. This is because the particles in the substance rearrange or move without forming new substances. Choice A (Chemical) involves a change in the chemical composition, so it is incorrect. Choice C (Nuclear) involves changes at the atomic level, leading to different elements, which is not the case here. Choice D (Mechanical) involves changes in position and motion of objects, not relevant to the chemical composition of a substance.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The columns of the periodic table are called "Groups" because elements within the same group share similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons. Each group is designated by a number and a letter, indicating the number of valence electrons. Periods refer to the rows of the periodic table, representing the number of electron shells an element has. Families is a more colloquial term used to describe groups of elements with similar properties. Rows refer to the horizontal rows of the periodic table. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it specifically refers to the vertical columns in the periodic table that share similar chemical properties.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nuclear. Nuclear reactions involve changes in the nucleus of an atom, such as nuclear fusion or fission, to achieve stable nuclear configurations by balancing the number of protons and neutrons. Chemical reactions (Choice A) involve changes in electron configurations, not the nucleus. Physical reactions (Choice C) involve changes in state or structure, not nuclear configurations. Mechanical reactions (Choice D) involve forces and motion, not changes in the nucleus for stability. Therefore, option B is the correct choice for reactions taking place in the nucleus to achieve stable nuclear configurations.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: 3. In a triple covalent bond, 3 electron pairs are shared between two atoms. This results in the sharing of a total of 6 electrons, forming a strong bond. Each bond consists of one sigma bond and two pi bonds. Option A (1) is incorrect as a single bond involves one electron pair, while option B (2) is incorrect as a double bond consists of 2 electron pairs. Option D (4) is incorrect because a triple bond only involves 3 electron pairs being shared.