HESI A2
HESI A2 Biology Practice Test Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the purpose of the mitochondria?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Create energy. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouse of the cell because they produce ATP, the primary energy source for cellular functions. They do this through a process called cellular respiration. Option A is incorrect as the nucleus controls the cell. Option C is incorrect as protein synthesis occurs in the ribosomes. Option D is incorrect as waste packaging is typically done by lysosomes.
Question 2 of 5
Choose the two bases that have two carbon rings:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Adenine. Adenine is a nucleotide base that consists of two fused carbon rings, making it a purine base. The two rings in adenine are essential for its structure, function, and hydrogen bonding with thymine in DNA. The other choices, B, C, and D, are all pyrimidine bases, which have only one carbon ring. Therefore, adenine is the only base among the options that has two carbon rings, making it the correct answer.
Question 3 of 5
Which type of passive transport uses proteins that change shape to move a target molecule through the membrane?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Carrier proteins. Carrier proteins change shape to facilitate the movement of specific molecules across the membrane. They bind to the target molecule on one side of the membrane, undergo a conformational change, and release the molecule on the other side. This process is selective and energy-dependent. Option A (Diffusion) is incorrect because diffusion is a passive process that does not involve proteins changing shape to transport molecules. Option C (Channel proteins) is incorrect because channel proteins provide a passageway for specific molecules to move across the membrane but do not change shape to transport molecules. Option D (None of the above) is incorrect because carrier proteins specifically fit the description provided in the question.
Question 4 of 5
A child is sick. They have a body temperature that exceeds 37�C. The body senses this and begins to sweat in order to lower the temperature. What is this an example of?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale after 5 retries.
Question 5 of 5
Genes control heredity in man and other organisms. This gene is ___
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A segment of DNA. Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for building proteins and controlling various processes in an organism. DNA is the genetic material that carries hereditary information and is passed down from parents to offspring. Option B is incorrect because genes are not bead-like structures on chromosomes but are located within chromosomes. Option C is incorrect because genes are not protein molecules themselves but may code for proteins. Option D is incorrect because genes are not made up of RNA but rather DNA.
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