HESI A2 Anatomy and Physiology 2023

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The gallbladder's function is to store and concentrate bile produced by the liver. When food is ingested, the gallbladder releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Choice A is incorrect because the liver produces bile. Choice C is incorrect as the liver, not the gallbladder, is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances. Choice D is also incorrect as blood sugar regulation is mainly controlled by the pancreas and hormones like insulin and glucagon.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The ulnar nerve innervates the arm, specifically the pinky finger, ring finger, and part of the hand. Damage to the ulnar nerve will lead to decreased sensation in these areas. Therefore, the correct answer is B (Arm). The other choices are incorrect because the ulnar nerve does not supply sensation to the Leg (A), Face (C), or Abdomen (D).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skin. The skin is the largest organ in the human body by surface area, covering about 20 square feet on average. It serves as a protective barrier against external elements and plays a crucial role in regulating body temperature. The liver (A), brain (C), and heart (D) are important organs, but they are not the largest in terms of size or surface area. Therefore, the correct choice is the skin.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The gallbladder's function is to store and concentrate bile produced by the liver. When food is ingested, the gallbladder releases bile into the small intestine to aid in the digestion and absorption of fats. Choice A is incorrect because the liver produces bile. Choice C is incorrect as the liver, not the gallbladder, is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances. Choice D is also incorrect as blood sugar regulation is mainly controlled by the pancreas and hormones like insulin and glucagon.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To produce bile and detoxify substances. The liver plays a crucial role in producing bile, which aids in digestion by breaking down fats. It also detoxifies harmful substances in the body. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the liver does not primarily filter blood, produce insulin, or produce red blood cells. Filtering blood is mainly done by the kidneys, insulin is produced by the pancreas, and red blood cells are produced in the bone marrow.