Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: 0. Noble gases have a full outer electron shell, making them stable and unreactive. This full shell means they do not gain or lose electrons, so they have no overall charge, making their charge 0. Choice A (-1) is incorrect because it indicates gaining an electron to achieve a full outer shell, which is not characteristic of noble gases. Choices C (1) and D (2) are incorrect as they suggest a positive charge, which noble gases do not possess due to their stable electron configuration.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ionic. In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions that are attracted to each other due to electrostatic forces. This bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal. Covalent bonds (choice A) involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, not the transfer. Metallic bonds (choice B) occur between metal atoms sharing a sea of electrons. Hydrogen bonds (choice D) are weak attractions between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The columns of the periodic table are called "Groups" because elements within the same group share similar chemical properties due to having the same number of valence electrons. Each group is designated by a number and a letter, indicating the number of valence electrons. Periods refer to the rows of the periodic table, representing the number of electron shells an element has. Families is a more colloquial term used to describe groups of elements with similar properties. Rows refer to the horizontal rows of the periodic table. Therefore, the correct answer is C as it specifically refers to the vertical columns in the periodic table that share similar chemical properties.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Dispersion forces are the weakest intermolecular forces present in non-polar covalent compounds due to temporary dipoles. Non-polar compounds have symmetrical distribution of electrons, leading to temporary shifts in electron density causing dispersion forces. Polar compounds (choice A) have permanent dipoles, ionic compounds (choice C) have strong electrostatic forces, and hydrogen compounds (choice D) involve hydrogen bonding - all of which are stronger than dispersion forces and not typically found in non-polar compounds. Therefore, the correct answer is B - non-polar covalent compounds.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alpha. Alpha radiation involves the emission of helium ions, which are essentially helium atoms that have lost two electrons. This type of radiation consists of alpha particles, which are positively charged and relatively heavy. They have low penetration power and can be stopped by a sheet of paper or human skin. Beta radiation (choice A) involves the emission of high-energy electrons or positrons, not helium ions. Gamma radiation (choice C) consists of electromagnetic waves and does not involve the emission of particles. There is no radiation type known as Delta (choice D). Therefore, the correct answer is B as it accurately describes the characteristics of alpha radiation.