Chemistry HESI A2 Quizlet

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Group IIIA elements have 3 valence electrons, which they tend to lose to achieve a stable octet electron configuration. By losing 3 electrons, they acquire a +3 charge. This is why the correct answer is C. Choice A is incorrect because Group IIIA elements do not typically gain electrons to have a +1 charge. Choice B is incorrect as they don't lose 2 electrons to have a +2 charge. Choice D is incorrect as they do not gain or lose electrons to have a charge of 0.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The mass number represents the total number of protons and neutrons in an atom's nucleus. The atomic number represents the number of protons. By subtracting the atomic number from the mass number, we are left with the number of neutrons. Therefore, the correct answer is B: Number of neutrons. Summary: A: Number of electrons - Incorrect, as the mass number minus the atomic number does not give the number of electrons. C: Number of protons - Incorrect, as the atomic number itself represents the number of protons. D: Number of isotopes - Incorrect, as isotopes refer to atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, not the result of mass number minus atomic number.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ionic. In an ionic bond, electrons are transferred from one atom to another, resulting in the formation of positively and negatively charged ions that are attracted to each other due to electrostatic forces. This bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal. Covalent bonds (choice A) involve the sharing of electrons between atoms, not the transfer. Metallic bonds (choice B) occur between metal atoms sharing a sea of electrons. Hydrogen bonds (choice D) are weak attractions between a hydrogen atom and a highly electronegative atom.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Electronegativity. Polarity in a molecule is determined by the difference in electronegativity between atoms forming a bond. The greater the electronegativity difference, the more polar the bond and molecule. This is because electronegativity measures an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself. Bond length (A) and bond strength (B) do not directly determine polarity, although shorter and stronger bonds can influence polarity indirectly. Molecular weight (D) is not a factor in determining polarity, as it relates to the total mass of a molecule rather than its polarity.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Neutron. Beta radiation is the product of the decomposition of a neutron undergoing beta decay. During beta decay, a neutron decays into a proton, an electron (beta particle), and an antineutrino. This process results in the emission of beta radiation. Choice A: Proton is incorrect because beta decay does not involve the decomposition of a proton. Choice C: Electron is incorrect because beta decay actually involves the emission of an electron. Choice D: Photon is incorrect because beta decay results in the emission of beta particles (electrons) and not photons.