Biology HESI A2 Practice Exam

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because poor internal consistency indicates that the items in the test do not correlate or measure similar things. This means that the items are not measuring the same construct or concept consistently, leading to unreliable results. Choice A is incorrect as it refers to test-retest reliability, not internal consistency. Choice C is incorrect as the researcher should not influence internal consistency. Choice D is incorrect because items should vary to measure different aspects of the construct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: proteins. Enzymes are biological catalysts that facilitate chemical reactions in living organisms. Proteins are made up of amino acids, which are essential for the structure and function of enzymes. Enzymes have specific 3D structures that allow them to interact with substrates and speed up reactions. Lipids (B), starches (C), and simple sugars (D) are not typically components of enzymes. Lipids are fats, starches are carbohydrates, and simple sugars are monosaccharides, none of which provide the structural and functional properties required for enzyme activity.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Owl. Tertiary consumers are organisms that feed on secondary consumers, which in turn feed on primary consumers. Owls primarily prey on small mammals like shrews, making them tertiary consumers in the food chain. Shrews (choice B) are secondary consumers, grasshoppers (choice C) are primary consumers, and wheat (choice D) is a producer. Therefore, the owl is the only choice that fits the definition of a tertiary consumer in this context.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calvin cycle. This process occurs in the stroma of chloroplasts and is responsible for converting carbon dioxide into glucose using ATP and NADPH generated in the light-dependent reactions. Photosynthesis (A) is the overall process, including both light-dependent and light-independent reactions. Germination (C) refers to the process of a seed sprouting into a plant, not the light-independent reaction. The phosphorus cycle (D) is a biogeochemical cycle unrelated to photosynthesis.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Glucose. In photosynthesis, glucose is not a reactant but a product synthesized as a result of the process. Water (A), light energy (B), and carbon dioxide (D) are all reactants in photosynthesis. Water is split into oxygen and hydrogen ions, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll to initiate the process, and carbon dioxide is converted into glucose through a series of biochemical reactions. Therefore, glucose is the only option that is not a reactant in photosynthesis.