Biology HESI A2 Practice Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The scientist needs 12mL, which is equivalent to 0.012L. Since the bottle holds 12L, it contains more than enough solution. Therefore, choice B is correct. Choice A is incorrect because the scientist needs less than the total amount in the bottle. Choice C is incorrect because the scientist actually has more than enough. Choice D is also incorrect as the scientist does have more than required.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: electron transport chain. This step in cellular respiration produces the greatest amount of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation, where electrons are passed through a series of protein complexes to generate a proton gradient used to produce ATP. In contrast, glycolysis only produces a small amount of ATP, the citric acid cycle produces some ATP but not as much as the electron transport chain, and fermentation doesn't produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the electron transport chain is the most efficient step in ATP production during cellular respiration.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Homeostasis is necessary to maintain stable internal conditions in the body for optimal function. A: Temperature regulation ensures enzymes work efficiently. B: pH balance is crucial for enzyme activity and cell function. C: Glucose levels impact energy production. D: All choices are essential for overall health and function, making D the correct answer. Maintaining just one aspect wouldn't be enough to support the body's complex processes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Antibiotics do not cause more bacteria to grow; in fact, they aim to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria. Antibiotics interfere with the bacteria's ability to survive by targeting specific processes essential for their growth and reproduction (A). They can affect how bacteria multiply by inhibiting cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis, or DNA replication (B). Lastly, antibiotics specifically target bacteria and do not work on viruses or fungi (D). Therefore, choice C is the only statement that is not true about antibiotics.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: TGAACGT. To find the matching DNA strand, we need to use complementary base pairing rules: A pairs with T, C pairs with G. Given the segment ACTTGCA, its complementary DNA strand would be TGAACTG. Therefore, the correct answer is A. Option B (GACCATG) is incorrect because it does not follow the complementary base pairing rules. Option C (ACTTGCA) is the same as the original segment given, so it is also incorrect. Option D (None of the above) is incorrect as the correct answer is A.