HESI A2 Physics

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because in a cyclic process, the system returns to its initial state, so the net work done over the entire cycle can be positive, negative, or zero depending on the path taken. If the system undergoes a clockwise cycle on a PV diagram, work is done by the system (positive Wnet). If the cycle is counterclockwise, work is done on the system (negative Wnet). If the cycle is a closed loop, the net work done can be zero. Choices A and B are incorrect because they are too absolute and do not consider the different possibilities in a cyclic process. Choice D is incorrect because the net work done is not necessarily equal to the total heat transferred; it depends on the specific process and path taken.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Cannot be created or destroyed. According to the law of conservation of energy, energy can neither be created nor destroyed, but only transformed from one form to another. This principle is a fundamental law of physics known as the first law of thermodynamics. Any process involving energy transfer must adhere to this law. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they contradict this fundamental principle. Energy cannot be created out of nothing or disappear completely; it can only change forms.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. A solenoid creates a magnetic field similar to a bar magnet due to its tightly wound coil structure. 2. The field lines inside a solenoid are uniform and parallel, just like a permanent bar magnet. 3. Choice A is incorrect as a straight wire has circular field lines, not parallel like in a solenoid. 4. Choice B is incorrect as a horseshoe magnet has a different field pattern, not parallel like in a solenoid. 5. Choice D is incorrect as a flat sheet conductor does not create a magnetic field similar to a solenoid.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Newton's second law of motion. This law states that the acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the net force acting on it and inversely proportional to its mass. The formula for this relationship is F = ma, where F is the force applied, m is the mass of the object, and a is the acceleration produced. This equation clearly expresses the relationship between acceleration and force. Now, let's analyze why the other choices are incorrect: A: Newton's first law of motion, also known as the law of inertia, states that an object at rest will remain at rest, and an object in motion will remain in motion unless acted upon by an external force. This law does not directly relate to the relationship between acceleration and force. C: Newton's third law of motion states that for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction. This law describes the interaction between two objects and their forces, not the relationship between acceleration and force. D: Saying

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: F_b = W_d, the weight of the fluid displaced by the object. This is because the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid displaced by the object, as stated by Archimedes' principle. When an object is submerged, it displaces a volume of fluid equal to its own volume. The weight of this displaced fluid exerts an upward force on the object, which is the buoyant force. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the buoyant force is not equal to the object's weight, the density of the fluid, or the object's volume. The correct answer is based on the principle of fluid displacement and buoyancy.