Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023

Questions 45

HESI LPN

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Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 Questions

Question 1 of 5

A client with chronic heart failure is prescribed furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential adverse effect?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: When a client with chronic heart failure is prescribed furosemide, a diuretic, the nurse should be vigilant for potential adverse effects. Furosemide can lead to excessive fluid loss, resulting in dehydration. Dehydration is a significant concern as it can exacerbate heart failure symptoms. Additionally, furosemide can cause electrolyte imbalances, particularly affecting potassium and sodium levels. Monitoring for signs of dehydration and electrolyte disturbances is crucial to prevent complications and ensure the client's safety and well-being.

Question 2 of 5

A client with a history of atrial fibrillation is prescribed amiodarone. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Amiodarone is known to cause pulmonary toxicity, which can manifest as respiratory symptoms. Monitoring for signs such as cough, dyspnea, or chest pain is essential to detect this serious side effect early and prevent further complications.

Question 3 of 5

How do you determine if the medication is effective for a client with anemia secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD)?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: To assess the effectiveness of the medication for anemia in a client with CKD, monitoring hemoglobin levels is crucial. Hemoglobin levels serve as a direct indicator of the response to treatment and improvement in the condition. An increase in hemoglobin level to 12 grams/dL suggests that the medication is effectively addressing the anemia associated with CKD.

Question 4 of 5

A client who takes metformin for diabetes mellitus type 2 is taking nothing by mouth (NPO) for surgery. What pre-op prescription should the practical nurse (PN) anticipate for this client's glucose management?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: When a client taking metformin for diabetes mellitus type 2 is NPO for surgery, it is essential to manage their glucose levels effectively. In this scenario, the best approach is to prescribe regular insulin subcutaneously according to a sliding scale based on the client's blood glucose levels. This method allows for precise adjustment of insulin doses to maintain blood glucose within the target range while the client is unable to take oral medications.

Question 5 of 5

What is the primary nursing intervention that the practical nurse should perform before administering ampicillin to a client diagnosed with a urinary tract infection?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most important nursing intervention before administering ampicillin to a client with a urinary tract infection is to obtain a clean-catch urine specimen. This specimen is crucial for determining the causative organism and evaluating the effectiveness of pharmacological therapy. It should be collected before starting treatment with an anti-infective agent to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate management of the infection.

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