HESI A2 Physics

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The bicycle has less kinetic energy than the car. Kinetic energy is calculated as KE = 0.5 * mass * velocity^2. Since both vehicles are traveling at the same speed, the one with greater mass (the car) will have more kinetic energy. The bicycle, being lighter than the car, will have less kinetic energy despite moving at the same speed. Other choices are incorrect because A is false as explained, C is incorrect as the vehicles have different masses, and D is incorrect as both vehicles are in motion, so both have kinetic energy.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. Displacement is the change in position from the starting point to the endpoint, regardless of the path taken. In this case, traveling 500 miles northeast and then 500 miles southwest cancels out the movement, resulting in a displacement of 0 miles. However, the distance traveled is the total distance covered, which is 1,000 miles in this case. Therefore, option D correctly states that the displacement is 0 miles, and the distance traveled is 1,000 miles. Option A is incorrect because the distance traveled is not 0 miles. Option B is incorrect as the displacement is 0 miles. Option C is incorrect as both displacement and distance traveled are not 0 miles.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In an adiabatic process, there is no heat transfer between the system and the surroundings (choice A is correct). This is because adiabatic processes occur without any heat exchange, so the heat transfer (Q) is zero. The other choices are incorrect because in an adiabatic process, there is no requirement for constant temperature (choice B), constant pressure (choice C), or no change in internal energy (choice D). Adiabatic processes focus on the absence of heat transfer, not necessarily on the maintenance of specific temperature, pressure, or energy conditions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because longitudinal waves have vibrations that move in the same direction as the wave propagation. In a longitudinal wave, the particles oscillate parallel to the direction of the wave's movement, creating compressions and rarefactions. Option A is incorrect as vibrations in longitudinal waves are not perpendicular. Option B is incorrect because vibrations do not move in the opposite direction of the wave. Option D is incorrect as waves and troughs are not relevant to the direction of vibrations in longitudinal waves.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: 1. A solenoid creates a magnetic field similar to a bar magnet due to its tightly wound coil structure. 2. The field lines inside a solenoid are uniform and parallel, just like a permanent bar magnet. 3. Choice A is incorrect as a straight wire has circular field lines, not parallel like in a solenoid. 4. Choice B is incorrect as a horseshoe magnet has a different field pattern, not parallel like in a solenoid. 5. Choice D is incorrect as a flat sheet conductor does not create a magnetic field similar to a solenoid.