HESI A2
HESI A2 Version 1 Anatomy and Physiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is the response of cells in the collecting tubules in the nephrons when antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is secreted?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Question 2 of 5
During digestion, what does the stomach muscle churn and mix food into, turning it into a soupy substance known as which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Chyme. During digestion, the stomach muscle contracts and mixes food with digestive juices, breaking it down into a thick, soupy liquid called chyme. This chyme is then slowly released into the small intestine for further digestion and absorption of nutrients.
Question 3 of 5
Which of the following hormones are tropic hormones? (Select one that doesn't apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Tropic hormones are hormones that stimulate the release of other hormones from target endocrine glands. Somatotropin (A) is growth hormone from the anterior pituitary that acts directly on tissues. Follicle-stimulating hormone (B) and Thyroid-stimulating hormone (D) are tropic hormones that act on the gonads and thyroid gland, respectively, to stimulate the production of other hormones. Antidiuretic hormone (C) is not a tropic hormone; it regulates water balance by acting on the kidneys to reduce water excretion.
Question 4 of 5
What is the name of the outermost layer of the skin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, 'epidermis.' The epidermis is the outermost layer of the skin, providing a protective barrier against environmental factors and regulating water loss. The dermis is located beneath the epidermis and contains important structures like blood vessels and glands. Subcutaneous tissue, also known as the hypodermis, is located below the dermis and serves functions such as insulation and energy storage.
Question 5 of 5
Nerve tissue is composed of neurons and connective tissue cells that are referred to as which of the following?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Nerve tissue is made up of neurons that transmit signals and neuroglia cells that support and protect the neurons. Neuroglia cells play a crucial role in providing structural support, insulation, and nutrients to neurons. Osteoblasts are bone-forming cells, osteocytes are mature bone cells, and arterioles are small arteries that carry blood away from the heart. Therefore, the correct answer is option B, Neuroglia.