ATI TEAS Science

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxygen. Oxygen is a small, non-polar molecule that can easily move through the cell membrane by passive transport, specifically through simple diffusion. This process does not require energy input and occurs from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached. Complex sugars (A) are too large to pass through the membrane without assistance. Non-lipid soluble molecules (B) cannot pass through the lipid bilayer of the membrane. Molecules moving from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration (D) require active transport, which involves the expenditure of energy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Epididymis. Sperm maturation occurs in the epididymis, a coiled tube located on the back of each testicle. Here, sperm gain motility and the ability to fertilize an egg. Seminal vesicles (A) and prostate gland (B) produce fluids that combine with sperm to form semen but do not play a role in sperm maturation. Vas deferens (D) is a tube that carries mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra but is not the site of sperm maturation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The final phase of mitosis is Telophase. In Telophase, the nuclear envelope reforms around the separated chromatids, chromosomes unwind into chromatin, and the nucleolus reappears. This marks the end of nuclear division. Prophase is the initial phase where chromosomes condense. Anaphase is when chromatids separate and move to opposite poles. Metaphase is when chromatids align at the center. Telophase is the only phase where the nuclear envelope reforms and the nuclear division is completed.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct order for increasing amounts of permitted motion is hinge joint (least mobile), condyloid joint, and saddle joint (most mobile). A: Hinge joint allows movement in one plane (least mobile), followed by condyloid joint with two planes, and then saddle joint with more freedom of movement. B: Incorrect order as saddle joint is more mobile than hinge joint. C: Incorrect order as hinge joint should be first, followed by condyloid and then saddle joint. D: Incorrect order as saddle joint should be the most mobile joint in the list.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: A control. A control in an experiment is used as a standard for comparison because it remains unchanged and is not subjected to the experimental treatment. By comparing the results of the experimental group to the control group, researchers can determine the effectiveness of the treatment. Variables (B) and constants (C) are factors that are manipulated or kept consistent, respectively, in an experiment but do not serve as a standard for comparison. Collected data (D) is the outcome of the experiment and is not used as a standard for comparison.