Practice TEAS Science Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen from the air we breathe passes into the blood vessels surrounding the alveoli, while carbon dioxide from the blood moves into the alveoli to be exhaled. The other choices are incorrect because: A: Trachea is the windpipe that carries air to and from the lungs, but gas exchange does not occur there. C: Bronchioles are small air passages that branch off the bronchi, leading air to the alveoli, but they are not the site of gas exchange. D: Diaphragm is a muscle that helps with breathing by expanding and contracting the chest cavity, but it is not directly involved in gas exchange.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Gallbladder. The gallbladder stores and concentrates bile produced by the liver, releasing it into the small intestine to aid in digestion. The liver produces bile but does not store it. The pancreas produces digestive enzymes, not bile. The stomach produces gastric juices for digestion, not bile.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: To transport oxygen and nutrients. The cardiovascular system is responsible for circulating blood throughout the body to deliver oxygen and nutrients to tissues and organs. This function supports cell metabolism and overall body function. Choice B is incorrect because while the cardiovascular system does play a role in blood pressure regulation, it is not its primary function. Choice C is incorrect as digestion is primarily carried out by the digestive system. Choice D is incorrect as waste filtration is mainly performed by the excretory system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Nucleus. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material in the form of DNA, which carries the instructions for the cell's functions and characteristics. This is where processes such as transcription and replication occur. Ribosomes (choice A) are responsible for protein synthesis. Mitochondria (choice B) are the powerhouse of the cell, producing energy. Cytoplasm (choice D) is the fluid that fills the cell and supports organelles, but it does not store genetic information.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. The large intestine plays a crucial role in absorbing water to form solid waste (A). It also houses beneficial bacteria that produce vitamin K, essential for blood clotting and bone health (B). Additionally, the large intestine is involved in the absorption of some vitamin B compounds produced by gut bacteria (C). Thus, all the functions listed (A, B, C) are carried out by the large intestine. Other choices are incorrect because they do not encompass all the functions performed by the large intestine.