TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Dendrite. Dendrites are the part of the neuron that receives signals from other neurons, allowing for communication between neurons. They contain receptors that bind to neurotransmitters released by neighboring neurons. The axon (A) is responsible for transmitting signals away from the cell body. The synapse (C) is the junction between two neurons where neurotransmitters are released. The myelin sheath (D) is a protective covering that insulates the axon and speeds up signal transmission but does not receive signals from other neurons.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The large intestine's main role is to absorb water and form feces. First, undigested material passes from the small intestine to the large intestine. Second, water is absorbed, making the stool more solid. Finally, the formed feces are stored until they are eliminated from the body. This process is crucial for maintaining proper hydration and eliminating waste. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they describe functions performed by other parts of the digestive system, such as the stomach and small intestine.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Skeletal muscle. Skeletal muscles are attached to bones and responsible for moving the skeleton through voluntary contractions. They are under conscious control, making them voluntary muscles. Cardiac muscle (A) is found in the heart and responsible for pumping blood. Smooth muscle (C) is found in organs and blood vessels, responsible for involuntary movements. Voluntary muscle (D) is a general term that can refer to both skeletal and smooth muscles, but in this context, it does not specifically address moving the skeleton.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The independent variable is the one that is intentionally manipulated by the researcher. In this case, the botanist is studying root growth, so the variable that the botanist can control and manipulate is the light exposure. By changing the amount of light the roots receive, the botanist can observe how it affects root growth. Temperature (choice A) and root tissue (choice B) are not variables being manipulated in this experiment, so they are not the independent variable. Root length (choice D) is the dependent variable, as it is the outcome being measured based on the changes in the independent variable, light exposure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: molarity. Molarity is a concentration unit that depends on pressure because it is defined as the number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution. Pressure can affect the volume of the solution, thus impacting the molarity. A: ppm (parts per million) and B: ppb (parts per billion) are mass-based concentration units and do not directly depend on pressure. D is incorrect because while molarity does depend on pressure, ppm and ppb do not.