TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Natural Killer cells. Natural Killer cells are part of the innate immune response as they can recognize and eliminate infected or abnormal cells without prior exposure. B-cells and cytotoxic T-cells are part of the adaptive immune response, requiring specific antigens to respond. Antigen-Presenting Cells play a crucial role in initiating the adaptive immune response by presenting antigens to T-cells. Therefore, Natural Killer cells are the only cells listed that belong to the innate immune response.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver. The liver is responsible for filtering toxins from the blood through a process called detoxification. It metabolizes and eliminates toxins, drugs, and alcohol from the bloodstream. The kidneys (A) filter waste from the blood but do not primarily handle toxins. The heart (C) pumps blood and does not have a filtration function. The lungs (D) exchange gases and do not filter toxins from the blood. Therefore, the liver is the correct answer for filtering toxins from the blood.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inner mitochondrial membrane. The electron transport chain occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane because it is where the proteins and complexes involved in oxidative phosphorylation are located. This is where electrons are passed along the chain, leading to the production of ATP. The cytosol (choice A) is where glycolysis occurs, not the electron transport chain. The Golgi apparatus (choice B) is involved in protein processing and sorting, not energy production. The nucleus (choice D) houses the cell's genetic material and is not directly involved in the electron transport chain.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To control body movement and coordination. The nervous system is responsible for receiving sensory input, processing information, and sending signals to control muscle movement and coordination. It includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Choice A is incorrect as the immune system fights infection. Choice C is incorrect as metabolism is regulated by the endocrine system. Choice D is incorrect as oxygen transportation is the function of the circulatory system, not the nervous system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrophobic proteins often provide structural support in the body. This is because hydrophobic proteins have non-polar amino acids that interact with each other to form stable structures. These proteins are commonly found in cell membranes, connective tissues, and structural proteins like collagen. They are crucial for maintaining the shape and integrity of cells and tissues. Incorrect Choices: A: Digestive enzymes - Hydrophobic proteins are not commonly involved in digestive processes. C: Carry oxygen molecules - Oxygen-carrying proteins like hemoglobin are typically hydrophilic, not hydrophobic. D: Store energy - Energy storage is usually performed by molecules like carbohydrates and lipids, not hydrophobic proteins.