TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrophobic proteins often provide structural support in the body. This is because hydrophobic proteins have non-polar amino acids that interact with each other to form stable structures. These proteins are commonly found in cell membranes, connective tissues, and structural proteins like collagen. They are crucial for maintaining the shape and integrity of cells and tissues. Incorrect Choices: A: Digestive enzymes - Hydrophobic proteins are not commonly involved in digestive processes. C: Carry oxygen molecules - Oxygen-carrying proteins like hemoglobin are typically hydrophilic, not hydrophobic. D: Store energy - Energy storage is usually performed by molecules like carbohydrates and lipids, not hydrophobic proteins.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To transport oxygen and nutrients. The circulatory system, composed of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, primarily functions to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body's cells and remove waste products. The heart pumps oxygen-rich blood to tissues and organs, ensuring they receive the necessary nutrients for energy production. In contrast, choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Regulating body temperature is primarily the role of the body's thermoregulatory system, fighting infection is the function of the immune system, and breaking down waste is the responsibility of the digestive system.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: White blood cells. White blood cells are a crucial component of the immune system as they play a key role in defending the body against infections and diseases. They help identify and destroy pathogens, produce antibodies, and regulate the immune response. Red blood cells (A) are responsible for transporting oxygen, platelets (C) are involved in blood clotting, and plasma (D) is the liquid component of blood, but they are not directly involved in the immune response. Therefore, white blood cells are the correct choice for being a component of the immune system.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Pluripotent stem cells. Pluripotent stem cells can differentiate into many different cell types but cannot form a complete organism. They have the ability to give rise to cells of all three germ layers. Totipotent stem cells (A) can form a complete organism, including both embryonic and extra-embryonic tissues. Multipotent stem cells (B) can develop into a limited range of cell types. Hematopoietic stem cells (D) specifically give rise to blood cells and their progenitors, so they are more specialized compared to pluripotent stem cells.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Artificially acquired active immunity. Vaccines stimulate the body's immune system to produce antibodies and memory cells, providing long-lasting protection against specific diseases. This type of immunity is acquired through deliberate exposure to antigens in vaccines, making it artificial and active. A: Naturally acquired passive immunity is when antibodies are passed from mother to baby, providing temporary protection but not long-lasting immunity like vaccines. B: Artificially acquired passive immunity involves receiving pre-made antibodies, providing immediate but short-lived protection, not the prolonged immunity provided by vaccines. C: Naturally acquired active immunity is developed through natural exposure to pathogens, which is different from the intentional exposure to antigens in vaccines.