TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Occipital lobe. The occipital lobe is primarily responsible for processing visual information. It contains the primary visual cortex which helps in interpreting visual stimuli. The frontal lobe (A) is responsible for executive functions, the parietal lobe (C) for processing sensory information, and the temporal lobe (D) for auditory processing and memory. Therefore, the occipital lobe is the correct choice for vision processing.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: To exchange gases. The primary function of the respiratory system is to facilitate the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air we breathe and our blood. This process is essential for cellular respiration and energy production in the body. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because digestion of food is primarily handled by the digestive system, nutrient transportation is mainly done by the circulatory system, and regulation of body temperature is primarily controlled by the integumentary and nervous systems.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Lactic acid and CO2. During anaerobic respiration in humans, glucose is broken down into lactic acid and a small amount of CO2. This process occurs in the absence of oxygen, typically during high-intensity exercise when oxygen supply is limited. Lactic acid buildup causes muscle fatigue. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Ethyl alcohol and CO2 - This is the byproduct of fermentation in yeast, not human anaerobic respiration. B: Ethyl alcohol only - Ethyl alcohol is not produced during human anaerobic respiration. D: Lactic acid only - While lactic acid is indeed produced during anaerobic respiration in humans, a small amount of CO2 is also generated as a byproduct.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The independent variable is what the researcher manipulates to observe its effect on the dependent variable. In this study, the botanist is testing if temperature affects root growth. Therefore, the independent variable is temperature (choice A). The botanist will change the temperature levels to see how it influences root growth. Choices B, C, and D are not the independent variable as the botanist is not directly manipulating seedlings, light, or root length to study the effect on root growth.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Nephron. The nephron is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney because it is responsible for filtering blood, regulating fluid balance, and producing urine. It consists of the glomerulus, tubules, and collecting ducts. The other choices, A: Neuron, C: Glomerulus, and D: Axon, are not correct as they do not perform the specific functions related to kidney physiology. Neurons are nerve cells, glomerulus is a part of the nephron, and axon is a part of a neuron.