TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Left atrium. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. This oxygenated blood is then pumped into the left ventricle and circulated to the rest of the body. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cava. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body, and the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation, respectively.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Hydrophobic proteins often provide structural support in the body. This is because hydrophobic proteins have non-polar amino acids that interact with each other to form stable structures. These proteins are commonly found in cell membranes, connective tissues, and structural proteins like collagen. They are crucial for maintaining the shape and integrity of cells and tissues. Incorrect Choices: A: Digestive enzymes - Hydrophobic proteins are not commonly involved in digestive processes. C: Carry oxygen molecules - Oxygen-carrying proteins like hemoglobin are typically hydrophilic, not hydrophobic. D: Store energy - Energy storage is usually performed by molecules like carbohydrates and lipids, not hydrophobic proteins.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The rib cage protects the vital organs such as the lungs and heart by providing a sturdy barrier against external impact. The ribs act as a shield, preventing injuries to these crucial organs. Additionally, the rib cage also aids in the process of respiration by expanding and contracting to allow the lungs to inflate and deflate during breathing. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because the primary function of the rib cage is to protect the lungs and heart, not the digestive organs, support movement, or regulate body temperature.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The pancreas produces insulin to lower blood sugar levels and glucagon to raise them. Insulin helps cells take in glucose for energy or storage. Glucagon signals the liver to release stored glucose. Storing glucose (option C) is not the primary function of the pancreas. Adrenaline (option D) is produced by the adrenal glands, not the pancreas.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Thymus. The thymus is responsible for maturing T cells, a type of white blood cell crucial for immune responses. The thymus is where immature T cells develop into functional T cells through a process called thymic education. The other choices are incorrect because the hypothalamus (A) is involved in regulating hormones, the pineal gland (B) regulates sleep-wake cycles, and the thyroid (D) produces hormones that regulate metabolism. These structures do not have a direct role in maturing T cells.