HESI LPN
Medical Surgical HESI 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
Which other congenital defects are common in children with Down syndrome?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Heart defects. Many children with Down syndrome are born with congenital heart defects. These heart abnormalities are more prevalent in individuals with Down syndrome than in the general population. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because while they may be congenital defects in children, they are not commonly associated with Down syndrome. Hypospadias is a urogenital condition, pyloric stenosis affects the stomach, and hip dysplasia involves the hip joint, but these are not typically seen as frequently as heart defects in children with Down syndrome.
Question 2 of 5
A client with fluid volume excess has gained 6.6 pounds. The nurse recognizes that this is equivalent to what volume of fluid?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A weight gain of 6.6 pounds is approximately equivalent to 3 liters of fluid. It is important to remember that 1 liter of fluid is equal to 1 kg, which is approximately 2.2 pounds. Therefore, when the client gains 6.6 pounds, it translates to 3 liters of fluid. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the conversion rate of 1 liter of fluid to 2.2 pounds.
Question 3 of 5
What should be included in the therapeutic management of iron deficiency anemia?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ferrous sulfate. The therapeutic management of iron deficiency anemia should include iron supplementation, specifically with ferrous sulfate. This helps to replenish the body's iron stores. Multivitamins (choice A) may contain iron, but iron supplementation is more direct and effective. Calcium (choice B) and iodine (choice D) are not typically part of the primary treatment for iron deficiency anemia.
Question 4 of 5
A client with deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is receiving heparin therapy. Which laboratory test should the nurse monitor to evaluate the effectiveness of the heparin?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). This test is used to monitor the effectiveness of heparin therapy. A complete blood count (CBC) (choice A) is not specific for monitoring heparin therapy. Prothrombin time (PT) (choice C) and International normalized ratio (INR) (choice D) are more commonly used to monitor warfarin therapy, not heparin.
Question 5 of 5
A client who has a history of unstable angina is admitted to the emergency department with chest pain.
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Chest pain unrelieved after taking 3 sequential nitroglycerin tablets indicates a possible myocardial infarction and requires immediate medical attention.
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