ATI TEAS Science

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The renal pelvis. The renal pelvis acts like a funnel by collecting urine from the millions of collecting tubules and delivering it to the ureters for excretion. The renal cortex and medulla are not directly involved in the collection and transportation of urine. Bowman's capsule is part of the renal corpuscle and is involved in the initial filtration of blood to form urine, not in the delivery of urine to the ureters. Therefore, the renal pelvis is the correct choice as it specifically functions to collect and funnel urine towards the ureters.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The pelvic cavity. The pelvic cavity is located in the lower part of the trunk and houses the urinary bladder, urethra, and ureters. The thoracic cavity (A) contains the heart and lungs, the abdominal cavity (C) contains the stomach, liver, and intestines, and the spinal cavity (D) houses the spinal cord. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it specifically contains the organs mentioned in the question.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Oxygen. Oxygen is a small, non-polar molecule that can easily move through the cell membrane by passive transport, specifically through simple diffusion. This process does not require energy input and occurs from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration until equilibrium is reached. Complex sugars (A) are too large to pass through the membrane without assistance. Non-lipid soluble molecules (B) cannot pass through the lipid bilayer of the membrane. Molecules moving from areas of low concentration to areas of high concentration (D) require active transport, which involves the expenditure of energy.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: They're both accurate and precise. Rationale: 1. Accuracy: The measurements are close to the accepted value of 9.8 m/s^2, with a range of 9.78-9.81 m/s^2. 2. Precision: The measurements are consistent and clustered closely around the true value, indicating precision. 3. The slight variations in measurements are expected due to experimental error but still fall within an acceptable range. In summary, the measurements are accurate as they are close to the true value, and they are precise as they are clustered closely together. Other choices are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the situation based on the provided data.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: The glomerulus. The glomerulus is a cluster of capillaries within the Bowman's capsule where blood filtration occurs. It functions as the main filter of the blood entering the kidney by allowing small molecules like water, glucose, and wastes to pass through while retaining larger molecules like proteins and blood cells. The Loop of Henle is responsible for water reabsorption, not blood filtration. The Bowman's capsule is the initial structure where the glomerulus is located, but it is not the main filter. The nephron is the functional unit of the kidney composed of the glomerulus, Bowman's capsule, and tubules, so it encompasses the other structures mentioned.