ATI TEAS Science

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct order for increasing amounts of permitted motion is hinge joint (least mobile), condyloid joint, and saddle joint (most mobile). A: Hinge joint allows movement in one plane (least mobile), followed by condyloid joint with two planes, and then saddle joint with more freedom of movement. B: Incorrect order as saddle joint is more mobile than hinge joint. C: Incorrect order as hinge joint should be first, followed by condyloid and then saddle joint. D: Incorrect order as saddle joint should be the most mobile joint in the list.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A neutralization reaction involves the combination of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water. This type of reaction is characterized by the formation of a salt through the exchange of ions. In contrast, oxidation reactions involve the loss of electrons, synthesis reactions involve the combination of substances to form a new compound, and decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances. Therefore, the correct answer is B because it specifically results in the production of a salt.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The renal pelvis. The renal pelvis acts like a funnel by collecting urine from the millions of collecting tubules and delivering it to the ureters for excretion. The renal cortex and medulla are not directly involved in the collection and transportation of urine. Bowman's capsule is part of the renal corpuscle and is involved in the initial filtration of blood to form urine, not in the delivery of urine to the ureters. Therefore, the renal pelvis is the correct choice as it specifically functions to collect and funnel urine towards the ureters.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Merkel's discs. Merkel's discs are located in the epidermis and respond to light touch and slower vibrations due to their sensitivity to sustained pressure. Pacinian corpuscles (B) detect deep pressure and fast vibrations. Meissner's corpuscles (C) are responsible for detecting light touch but not vibrations. Ruffini endings (D) respond to skin stretch and warmth but not specifically to light touch and slower vibrations. Therefore, Merkel's discs are the most appropriate choice for receptors that respond to light touch and slower vibrations.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Secondary structure. Secondary structure is defined by the local folds and coils in the protein's polypeptide backbone, such as alpha helices and beta sheets. This level of structure does not involve interactions between different regions of the protein (tertiary) or multiple protein subunits (quaternary). Primary structure (A) refers to the linear sequence of amino acids. Tertiary structure (C) involves the 3D arrangement of secondary structures and other elements in a single polypeptide chain. Quaternary structure (D) pertains to the arrangement of multiple polypeptide subunits in a protein complex.