ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D, both transcription and translation. First, DNA undergoes transcription to produce mRNA, which carries the genetic information. Then, during translation, mRNA is used by ribosomes to synthesize proteins. Replication (A) is the process of copying DNA, not directly related to protein synthesis. Transcription (B) is the step where DNA is transcribed into mRNA. Translation (C) is the process where mRNA is translated into proteins. Therefore, both transcription and translation are essential steps in the flow of genetic information from DNA to protein.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Change in color. Chemical reactions involve the formation of new substances, which is a key characteristic. Energy is either released or absorbed during a chemical reaction, leading to changes in temperature. However, changes in color are not always indicative of a chemical reaction as it can be influenced by factors like impurities or physical changes. Therefore, C is not a reliable characteristic of a chemical reaction compared to the other choices.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: GABA. GABA is an inhibitory neurotransmitter that slows down neuron activity by binding to GABA receptors, leading to hyperpolarization of the neuron and reducing the likelihood of firing an action potential. This process helps to prevent overexcitation in the nervous system. A: Acetylcholine is primarily an excitatory neurotransmitter involved in muscle control and cognitive function. B: Dopamine plays a role in reward-motivated behavior and movement, but it is not primarily responsible for slowing down neuron activity. D: Serotonin is involved in regulating mood, appetite, and sleep, but it does not directly slow down neuron activity to prevent overexcitation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C (2+ or 3+). Iron is a transition metal, meaning it has variable oxidation states. Iron commonly forms cations with charges of 2+ (Fe²⁺) or 3+ (Fe³⁺) due to its ability to lose 2 or 3 electrons, respectively, from its outer shell. This is consistent with the typical behavior of transition metals to exhibit multiple oxidation states. Choices A and B are incorrect because iron does not commonly form cations with charges of 2- or 3-. Choice D is incorrect as iron typically forms cations with a positive charge, not a negative charge.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypothesis. In the scientific method, a scientist creates a hypothesis based on observations or research. A model can be a representation or simulation of a process or system that helps in understanding or predicting outcomes. By creating a model during the hypothesis step, the scientist can visually or conceptually test their proposed explanation or prediction. This aids in designing experiments or gathering data to test the hypothesis further. Data analysis (B) occurs after experimentation, where collected data is analyzed. Experimentation (C) involves testing the hypothesis through controlled experiments. Conclusion (D) is the final step where the scientist interprets the results.