ati teas 7 science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The gravitational potential energy of an object is determined by its position relative to the ground. The higher the object is from the ground, the greater its gravitational potential energy. This is because the gravitational potential energy is directly proportional to the distance from the ground. Therefore, choice B, the distance from the ground, affects the gravitational potential energy of an object the most. Incorrect choices: A: The mass of the object does affect the gravitational potential energy, but it is not the most significant factor. C: The gravitational force affects the weight of an object but does not directly determine its gravitational potential energy. D: The shape of the object does not affect its gravitational potential energy; only the distance from the ground matters.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. In a transverse wave, particles of the medium move up and down (or side to side) perpendicular to the direction of wave travel. This motion creates crests and troughs in the wave. This motion is what characterizes a transverse wave, where the disturbance is perpendicular to the direction of energy transfer. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because in a transverse wave, the particles do not move parallel to the direction of wave travel (B), in a circular motion (C), or opposite to the direction of wave travel (D).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ammonia (NH₃). Ammonia is a common base found in household products due to its ability to accept protons and increase the pH of solutions. It is commonly used in cleaning products such as glass cleaners and floor cleaners. A: Sodium chloride (NaCl) is a salt and not a base. C: Vinegar is acidic due to the presence of acetic acid. D: Lemon juice is also acidic due to the presence of citric acid. Therefore, B is the correct answer as it is a common base found in household products, while the other choices are either salts or acidic substances.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The small intestine is the primary site for nutrient absorption in the digestive system due to its large surface area, specialized structures called villi, and microvilli that maximize absorption efficiency. Digestive enzymes and bile are also released in the small intestine to break down nutrients for absorption. The other choices are incorrect because the esophagus is responsible for swallowing, the large intestine mainly absorbs water and electrolytes, and the stomach primarily functions in digestion by secreting gastric juices.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it demonstrates a single displacement reaction where zinc (Zn) displaces hydrogen (H) in hydrochloric acid (HCl) to form zinc chloride (ZnCl2) and hydrogen gas (H2). This is evident from the activity series where Zn is more reactive than H. A, C, and D are not examples of single displacement reactions. A represents a synthesis reaction where hydrogen and oxygen combine to form water. C represents a decomposition reaction where calcium carbonate breaks down into calcium oxide and carbon dioxide. D represents a combustion reaction where methane reacts with oxygen to form carbon dioxide and water.