Practice Science TEAS Test

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Abdominal. The peritoneum primarily lines the abdominal cavity, providing a protective and lubricating membrane for the abdominal organs. The peritoneum does not line the dorsal (B), ventral (C), or thoracic (D) cavities. The dorsal cavity is lined by the meninges, the ventral cavity is lined by serous membranes, and the thoracic cavity is lined by the pleura. Therefore, the peritoneum specifically lines the abdominal cavity, making choice A the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cartilage. Cartilage is the type of tissue that protects the respiratory system's trachea. Cartilage provides structural support and flexibility to the trachea, allowing it to maintain its shape and prevent collapse during breathing. Bone (A) is too rigid for this function. Collagen (C) is a protein that provides strength but does not have the same supportive properties as cartilage. Keratin (D) is a protein found in skin, hair, and nails, not in the trachea. Therefore, cartilage is the most suitable tissue to protect the trachea in the respiratory system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ribosome. Ribosomes are responsible for protein synthesis as they are the site where amino acids are assembled into proteins. They can be found in both the cytoplasm and attached to the endoplasmic reticulum. The other choices are incorrect because the nucleus houses the cell's genetic material, the mitochondrion is responsible for energy production, and the Golgi apparatus is involved in protein processing and packaging, not protein synthesis.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hair follicle. The hair follicle is the structure responsible for producing hair. It is located in the dermis and is composed of cells that generate hair growth. The other choices, A: Sudoriferous gland, B: Sebaceous gland, and C: Melanocyte, do not produce hair. Sudoriferous glands produce sweat, sebaceous glands produce oil, and melanocytes produce melanin for skin pigmentation. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it directly relates to hair production.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Small intestine. The small intestine is responsible for absorbing nutrients due to its large surface area lined with villi and microvilli, which increase absorption capacity. It also contains enzymes and bile to further break down and facilitate nutrient absorption. The other choices are incorrect because the esophagus is a tube that transports food to the stomach, the stomach mainly digests food using acid and enzymes, and the large intestine absorbs water and electrolytes, not nutrients.