ATI TEAS Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because in an experiment, the independent variable is the one that is manipulated by the researcher, which in this case is the amount of poison given to the rat. The dependent variable is the outcome that is being measured, which is how quickly the rat dies. By varying the amount of poison, we can observe the effect it has on the time it takes for the rat to die. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because they incorrectly identify the independent and dependent variables or introduce irrelevant variables like whether the rat eats the poison or the cage the rat is kept in, which are not the variables being directly manipulated or measured in this experiment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Mitosis. In somatic cells, mitosis is the process of cell division that results in two identical daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell. It consists of stages such as prophase, metaphase, anaphase, and telophase. Mitosis is essential for growth, repair, and maintenance of body tissues. Choice B: Meiosis is incorrect because it is the process of cell division that occurs in reproductive cells to produce gametes with half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. Choice C: Respiration is incorrect because it is the process of converting nutrients into energy in the form of ATP, not cell division. Choice D: Cytogenesis is incorrect as it is not a term commonly used to describe the process of cell division in somatic cells.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, Epididymis. Sperm maturation occurs in the epididymis, a coiled tube located on the back of each testicle. Here, sperm gain motility and the ability to fertilize an egg. Seminal vesicles (A) and prostate gland (B) produce fluids that combine with sperm to form semen but do not play a role in sperm maturation. Vas deferens (D) is a tube that carries mature sperm from the epididymis to the urethra but is not the site of sperm maturation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: The smallest amount of stimulus required for an individual to feel a sensation. The sensory threshold refers to the minimum level of stimulation needed for an individual to detect a particular sensation. This threshold varies from person to person and can be influenced by factors such as sensitivity and attention. Choice B is incorrect as it specifically relates to feeling pain, which is a different sensory experience. Choice C is incorrect as it refers to a response to a stimulus (movement) rather than the detection of sensation. Choice D is incorrect as it describes the origin of the stimulus rather than the threshold for sensation detection.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A neutralization reaction involves the combination of an acid and a base to produce a salt and water. This type of reaction is characterized by the formation of a salt through the exchange of ions. In contrast, oxidation reactions involve the loss of electrons, synthesis reactions involve the combination of substances to form a new compound, and decomposition reactions involve the breakdown of a compound into simpler substances. Therefore, the correct answer is B because it specifically results in the production of a salt.