HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
When should a glucagon emergency kit be used for a client with Type 1 diabetes?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A glucagon emergency kit is used when signs of severe hypoglycemia occur in a client with Type 1 diabetes. Glucagon helps to raise blood glucose levels in cases of severe hypoglycemia where the individual is unable to take oral glucose. It is crucial to administer glucagon promptly to prevent serious complications associated with low blood sugar levels.
Question 2 of 5
A client with a history of heart failure is prescribed digoxin. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Digoxin, a medication commonly prescribed for heart failure, can lead to bradycardia, which is characterized by a slow heart rate. Monitoring for bradycardia is crucial to detect and manage this potential side effect early on to prevent complications such as arrhythmias or decreased cardiac output.
Question 3 of 5
A client receiving enalapril reports a persistent dry cough. The nurse should explain that this side effect is related to which medication action?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. Enalapril, an ACE inhibitor, inhibits the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, leading to increased levels of bradykinin. The accumulation of bradykinin is responsible for the persistent dry cough associated with ACE inhibitors like enalapril.
Question 4 of 5
A client is prescribed an antibiotic for a urinary tract infection (UTI). What instruction should the practical nurse (PN) provide to the client to ensure the effectiveness of the medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The practical nurse (PN) should instruct the client to complete the full course of the antibiotic to ensure the infection is fully treated and to prevent the development of antibiotic resistance. Completing the full course of antibiotics helps to eradicate the infection completely and reduces the risk of bacteria developing resistance to the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A client with severe rheumatoid arthritis is prescribed methotrexate. The nurse should monitor the client for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Bone marrow suppression. Methotrexate, commonly used in rheumatoid arthritis, can lead to bone marrow suppression, reducing the production of blood cells and increasing the risk of infection. Monitoring for signs of anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia is crucial to detect bone marrow suppression early and prevent complications.
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