ati teas 7 science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Refraction. Refraction occurs when light bends as it passes through different mediums of varying densities, such as hot air above a desert surface. This bending of light causes the mirage effect where distant objects appear distorted or displaced. Diffraction (A) is the bending of light around obstacles, not relevant in this context. Interference (C) involves the interaction of light waves, not applicable to mirages. Polarization (D) is the orientation of light waves, unrelated to the mirage effect in deserts.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Researching previous studies for background. Before generating a hypothesis, it is crucial to review existing research to build a foundation of knowledge. This step helps identify gaps in current understanding, refine research questions, and ensure the hypothesis is based on existing evidence. Collecting and organizing data (A) occurs after the hypothesis is formulated. Communicating results (B) is the final step after conducting experiments (C). Therefore, the correct order is researching previous studies (D), generating a hypothesis, conducting an experiment, collecting and organizing data, and finally communicating the results.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrogen bonding. Water molecules exhibit hydrogen bonding, where the partially positive hydrogen of one water molecule is attracted to the partially negative oxygen of another water molecule. This strong intermolecular force leads to the cohesive forces that create high surface tension in water. B: London dispersion forces are weaker and do not contribute significantly to water's high surface tension. C: Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms, not relevant to water's surface tension. D: Metallic bonding occurs in metals and is not related to the surface tension of water.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary artery. The pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation. This is a crucial step in the pulmonary circulation system. The pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from the lungs back to the heart, so it does not transport blood from the heart to the lungs. The aorta is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body, not to the lungs. The superior vena cava is a large vein that carries deoxygenated blood from the upper body to the heart, not to the lungs. Therefore, the pulmonary artery is the correct choice for transporting blood from the heart to the lungs.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The Law of Conservation of Energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or transformed within a closed system. Therefore, the total amount of energy in a closed system remains constant over time. This is because energy is conserved and does not disappear or appear out of nowhere. The other choices are incorrect because energy does not increase (choice A) or decrease (choice B) in a closed system unless energy is coming in or going out of the system. The total energy in a closed system is independent of the temperature of the system (choice D) and is solely determined by the initial energy within the system and any energy transfers or transformations that occur within it.