TEAS Practice Test Science

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vital capacity. Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air a person can exhale after maximum inhalation, including tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, and expiratory reserve volume. Tidal volume (A) is the volume of air inhaled and exhaled during normal breathing, not maximum inhalation. Total lung capacity (B) is the total volume of air the lungs can hold at maximum inflation, including residual volume. Ventilation rate (C) refers to the number of breaths taken per minute, not the volume of air that can be expelled after maximum inhalation. In summary, vital capacity is the correct choice as it specifically represents the maximum volume of air that can be expelled from the lungs after maximum inhalation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Oxygen is taken in from the air and carbon dioxide is released into the air through the alveoli walls. The bronchi (A) are airways that carry air into the lungs but do not participate in gas exchange. The trachea (C) is the windpipe that connects the throat to the lungs and does not directly participate in gas exchange. The diaphragm (D) is a muscle that aids in breathing by contracting and relaxing to change the volume of the chest cavity but is not directly involved in gas exchange.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Temporal lobe. The temporal lobe is responsible for processing auditory sounds as it contains the primary auditory cortex. This area interprets and processes sound information received from the ears. The frontal lobe (A) is involved in higher cognitive functions, the occipital lobe (B) is responsible for processing visual information, and the parietal lobe (C) is involved in sensory processing and spatial awareness. Therefore, the temporal lobe is the correct choice for processing auditory sounds.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To control body movement and coordination. The nervous system is responsible for receiving sensory input, processing information, and sending signals to control muscle movement and coordination. It includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. Choice A is incorrect as the immune system fights infection. Choice C is incorrect as metabolism is regulated by the endocrine system. Choice D is incorrect as oxygen transportation is the function of the circulatory system, not the nervous system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Left atrium. The left atrium receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the pulmonary veins. This oxygenated blood is then pumped into the left ventricle and circulated to the rest of the body. The right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body via the vena cava. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because the right atrium receives deoxygenated blood from the body, the left ventricle pumps oxygenated blood to the body, and the right ventricle pumps deoxygenated blood to the lungs for oxygenation, respectively.