Practice Science TEAS Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: To transport food from the mouth to the stomach. The esophagus serves as a muscular tube that carries chewed food (bolus) from the mouth to the stomach through peristalsis, a series of muscle contractions. It does not absorb nutrients (A), break down food (C), or absorb water (D). Absorption of nutrients primarily occurs in the small intestine, food breakdown begins in the mouth and continues in the stomach and small intestine, and water absorption happens mainly in the large intestine.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hair follicle. The hair follicle is the structure responsible for producing hair. It is located in the dermis and is composed of cells that generate hair growth. The other choices, A: Sudoriferous gland, B: Sebaceous gland, and C: Melanocyte, do not produce hair. Sudoriferous glands produce sweat, sebaceous glands produce oil, and melanocytes produce melanin for skin pigmentation. Therefore, the correct answer is D as it directly relates to hair production.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Melatonin. Melatonin is a hormone produced by the pineal gland that plays a key role in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. It helps control the body's internal clock and signals when it's time to sleep. Cortisol (choice A) is a stress hormone, thyroxine (choice C) regulates metabolism, and insulin (choice D) controls blood sugar levels, but they do not directly regulate the sleep-wake cycle. Melatonin is the only hormone among the choices specifically associated with sleep regulation.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Circulatory system. The circulatory system consists of the heart, blood vessels, and blood, responsible for transporting oxygen, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. The respiratory system (A) is responsible for gas exchange, the nervous system (C) transmits signals, and the digestive system (D) processes food. The circulatory system is specifically designed for the transportation of blood, making it the correct choice.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Estrogen is the correct answer because it is the hormone released by the ovaries to mature an egg. Estrogen plays a crucial role in the development of the ovarian follicle, promoting the growth and maturation of the egg. Luteinizing Hormone and Progesterone are also involved in the menstrual cycle but do not directly mature the egg. Testosterone is primarily produced in the testes and plays a role in male reproductive functions, not in egg maturation.