HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
What is an essential nursing action when caring for a young child with severe diarrhea?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Promoting perianal skin integrity is crucial when caring for a young child with severe diarrhea to prevent skin breakdown from the irritation caused by frequent bowel movements. Maintaining the IV (Choice A) may be important for hydration but is not directly related to managing skin integrity. Taking daily weights (Choice B) is important for monitoring fluid balance but does not address the immediate need to prevent skin breakdown. While replacing lost calories (Choice C) is important, it is not the priority when a child is experiencing severe diarrhea and skin integrity is at risk.
Question 2 of 5
Before starting kindergarten, the child should receive boosters of which primary immunizations to ensure ongoing protection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Before starting kindergarten, the child should receive boosters of DTaP, IPV, and MMR. DTaP provides protection against diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis, IPV protects against polio, and MMR immunization covers measles, mumps, and rubella. These boosters are essential to maintain immunity and protect the child from these diseases as they enter school. Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not include the recommended boosters for kindergarten entry and may leave the child susceptible to certain infections.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing an infant and notes that the infant's urine has a mousy or musty odor. What would the nurse suspect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Phenylketonuria (PKU). PKU is suggested by a mousy or musty odor of the urine, which is caused by the inability to metabolize phenylalanine. Choice A, Maple syrup urine disease, is characterized by a sweet-smelling urine. Choice B, Tyrosinemia, typically presents with cabbage-like odor in the urine. Choice D, Trimethylaminuria, is associated with a fishy odor in the urine, breath, and sweat.
Question 4 of 5
An additional defect is associated with exstrophy of the bladder. For what anomaly should the nurse assess the infant?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pubic bone malformation. Exstrophy of the bladder is commonly associated with pubic bone malformation as the condition involves a defect in the pelvic region. Imperforate anus, absence of one kidney, and congenital heart disease are not typically associated with exstrophy of the bladder, making them incorrect choices. Therefore, the nurse should primarily assess the infant for pubic bone malformation in this case.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is caring for a 12-year-old boy with idiopathic thrombocytopenia. The nurse is providing discharge instructions about home care and safety recommendations to the boy and his parents. Which response indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B. Participation in contact sports like football should be avoided in children with idiopathic thrombocytopenia due to the increased risk of bleeding. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect because avoiding aspirin and drugs like ibuprofen, engaging in activities like swimming, and avoiding antihistamines are all appropriate recommendations for a child with idiopathic thrombocytopenia to prevent bleeding episodes and ensure safety.
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