Pediatrics HESI 2023

Questions 94

HESI LPN

HESI LPN Test Bank

Pediatrics HESI 2023 Questions

Question 1 of 5

What finding would the nurse expect to assess in a child with hypothyroidism?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In a child with hypothyroidism, weight gain is a typical finding due to the slowed metabolism associated with the condition. This occurs because thyroid hormone levels are insufficient to regulate metabolism effectively. Choices A, B, and C are not typically associated with hypothyroidism. Nervousness is more commonly seen in conditions like hyperthyroidism, where there is an excess of thyroid hormones. Heat intolerance may be seen in hyperthyroidism as well, where the body's metabolism is increased. Smooth velvety skin is a characteristic finding in conditions like Cushing's syndrome, where there is excess cortisol production.

Question 2 of 5

What treatment should the nurse suggest to an adolescent with type 1 diabetes if an insulin reaction is experienced while at a basketball game?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: When an adolescent with type 1 diabetes experiences an insulin reaction, it is essential to quickly raise their blood sugar levels. Buying a soda and a hamburger to eat is the best choice in this situation as it provides a fast-acting source of sugar to counteract hypoglycemia. Calling parents immediately may cause a delay in receiving appropriate treatment. Administering insulin would further lower blood sugar levels, worsening the situation. Leaving the arena and resting would not address the immediate need to raise blood sugar levels.

Question 3 of 5

Upon assessing a newborn immediately after delivery, you note that the infant is breathing spontaneously and has a heart rate of 90 beats/min. What is the most appropriate initial management for this newborn?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: A heart rate below 100 beats/min in a newborn indicates the need for positive pressure ventilation to improve oxygenation. Providing positive pressure ventilations helps in assisting the newborn's breathing efforts to ensure adequate oxygenation. Choice B, providing blow-by oxygen, may not be sufficient to address the underlying issue of inadequate breathing. Choice C, assessing the newborn's skin condition and color, is important but not the most immediate action needed for a heart rate below 100 beats/min. Choice D, starting chest compressions, is not indicated as the infant is breathing spontaneously and has a heart rate, albeit lower than normal, which does not warrant chest compressions.

Question 4 of 5

.A nurse is caring for an infant whose vomiting is intractable. For what complication is it most important for the nurse to assess?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Intractable vomiting can lead to alkalosis due to loss of stomach acids.

Question 5 of 5

When explaining the occurrence of febrile seizures to a parents' class, what information should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: 'They may occur in minor illnesses.' Febrile seizures can occur even in minor illnesses, particularly in young children, and are often triggered by a rapid increase in body temperature. Choice B is incorrect because the cause of febrile seizures is not always readily identified. Choice C is incorrect as febrile seizures commonly occur in children aged 6 months to 5 years, which includes the toddler years. Choice D is incorrect as febrile seizures are slightly more common in males than females.

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