The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 9-month-old baby with a flat, discolored area on the skin. The nurse documents this as a:- Skildor

Question 1 of 5

The nurse is conducting a physical examination of a 9-month-old baby with a flat, discolored area on the skin. The nurse documents this as a:

A. Papule B. Macule C. Vesicle D. Scale

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: A macule is defined as a flat, discolored area on the skin that is different from surrounding tissue due to a change in color. In this case, the baby has a flat, discolored area on the skin, which fits the description of a macule. A papule is a small, raised solid bump, a vesicle is a small fluid-filled blister, and a scale is a flake of skin that is often dry and rough. Therefore, choices A, C, and D do not accurately describe the flat, discolored area on the baby's skin, making them incorrect.

Question 2 of 5

What should the nurse suggest to a parent asking for advice on managing their child's earache and fever?

A. Applying a warm compress to the affected ear B. Giving the child a cold drink C. Administering acetaminophen D. Taking the child to the emergency department

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is to suggest applying a warm compress to the affected ear. This can help alleviate pain and discomfort associated with the earache. Giving a cold drink (Choice B) may not address the underlying issue and is not a recommended treatment for earaches. Administering acetaminophen (Choice C) can help reduce fever but may not directly target the earache. Taking the child to the emergency department (Choice D) is usually not necessary for a common earache unless there are severe symptoms or complications present.

Question 3 of 5

You are caring for a 6-year-old child with a possible fractured left arm and have reason to believe that the child was abused. How should you manage this situation?

A. inform the parents of your suspicions B. call the police so the parents can be arrested C. advise the parents that the child needs to be transported D. transport the child to the hospital regardless of the parents' wishes

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In cases where child abuse is suspected, the priority is the safety and well-being of the child. Advising the parents that the child needs to be transported allows for the child to receive necessary medical care without immediate confrontation or escalating the situation. Calling the police to have the parents arrested without concrete evidence may not be appropriate and could further endanger the child. Informing the parents of suspicions may lead to interference or denial of necessary care. Transporting the child to the hospital is crucial, but involving and engaging with the parents in a non-confrontational manner is the initial step to ensure the child's safety and well-being.

Question 4 of 5

The nurse is assessing a family to determine if they have access to adequate health care. Which statement accurately describes how certain families are affected by common barriers to health care?

A. After a decade of escalation, the percentage of children living in low-income families has been on the decline since 2000. B. White, non-Hispanic children overall are more likely than African American and Hispanic children to be in very good or excellent health. C. The proportion of children between the ages of 6 and 18 who are overweight is decreasing, but a large increase is occurring in African American females. D. The overall health care plan of working families may improve access to specialty care but limit access to preventive services.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Choice B is the correct answer because it accurately states that White, non-Hispanic children are more likely to be in very good or excellent health compared to African American and Hispanic children. This reflects a disparity in health outcomes among different racial groups. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect. Choice A is unrelated to the impact of common barriers to health care on families. Choice C talks about overweight children but does not address access to health care. Choice D discusses the impact of the overall health care plan on working families but does not specifically address the disparity in health status among different racial groups.

Question 5 of 5

The parents of an infant ask the nurse why their baby is scheduled to receive the intramuscular polio vaccine rather than the oral vaccine. What is the nurse's best response?

A. The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the intramuscular vaccine because it is safer. B. The consensus is that either can be used, since both produce the same results and are equally safe. C. The oral vaccine is more expensive, so the intramuscular vaccine is preferred unless it is contraindicated. D. The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention recommends the intramuscular vaccine unless the infant or a family member is immunocompromised.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends the intramuscular polio vaccine because it has a better safety profile compared to the oral vaccine. Choice B is incorrect because the AAP specifically recommends the intramuscular vaccine over the oral vaccine. Choice C is incorrect as cost is not the primary reason for preferring the intramuscular vaccine. Choice D is incorrect as the recommendation is based on safety rather than the immunocompromised status of the infant or family members.

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