TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: controlled experiment. In a controlled experiment, the researcher manipulates one or more independent variables to observe the effect on the dependent variable, while controlling for other variables. In this scenario, the researcher is controlling the conditions and variables to study the impact of the manipulated independent variable on the dependent variable. Incorrect choices: A: Field experiment involves conducting research in real-world settings, which may not necessarily involve manipulation of variables. B: Natural experiment involves observing naturally occurring events without any manipulation by the researcher. D: Observational study involves observing and recording data without any intervention or manipulation of variables.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: medulla oblongata. This region of the brain is responsible for controlling and regulating autonomic functions like respiration, digestion, and heart rate. It is located in the brainstem and contains vital centers for these functions. The cerebellum (A) is primarily involved in coordination and balance. The temporal lobe (C) is responsible for auditory processing and memory. The cerebral cortex (D) is involved in higher cognitive functions like thinking and decision-making. Therefore, the medulla oblongata is the correct choice as it specifically controls autonomic functions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antibodies. Adaptive immunity involves the body's ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to these specific pathogens, providing targeted defense. In contrast, choices A and B (inflammation and fever) are examples of innate immunity, which are non-specific responses to pathogens. Choice D, phagocytosis, is a component of both innate and adaptive immunity, involving the engulfment and destruction of pathogens by immune cells. However, antibodies represent a key feature of adaptive immunity by specifically targeting and neutralizing pathogens.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: hypodermis. The hypodermis is the deepest layer of the skin and acts as an energy reserve by storing adipocytes (fat cells) that can be used for energy when needed. Adipocytes in the hypodermis help to insulate the body and provide cushioning. The epidermis (A) is the outermost layer of the skin that provides protection. The dermis (B) is the middle layer that contains blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles. The stratum basale (D) is the bottom layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are produced. Therefore, the hypodermis is the correct answer as it specifically functions as an energy reserve through storing adipocytes.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: tongue. The tongue is the muscular organ responsible for processing food into smaller pieces by moving it around the mouth, mixing it with saliva to form a bolus, and pushing the food towards the back of the mouth to swallow. The pharynx (choice A) is the passageway for food and air, the diaphragm (choice C) is a muscle involved in breathing, and the stomach (choice D) is responsible for further digestion of food. The tongue's specific functions in manipulating food and aiding in swallowing make it the correct choice for this question.