TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: tongue. The tongue is the muscular organ responsible for processing food into smaller pieces by moving it around the mouth, mixing it with saliva to form a bolus, and pushing the food towards the back of the mouth to swallow. The pharynx (choice A) is the passageway for food and air, the diaphragm (choice C) is a muscle involved in breathing, and the stomach (choice D) is responsible for further digestion of food. The tongue's specific functions in manipulating food and aiding in swallowing make it the correct choice for this question.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In anaphase of mitosis, chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. This ensures genetic stability and accurate distribution of genetic material. In metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equator but do not separate. Prophase is the initial stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense but do not divide, and telophase is the final stage where chromosomes decondense and nuclear envelopes reform. Therefore, anaphase is the correct phase where chromatids divide into chromosomes and migrate to opposite ends of the cell.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Peristalsis is the correct term as it refers to the rhythmic muscle contractions that propel food through the digestive tract. First, the circular muscles contract behind the food bolus, pushing it forward. Then, the longitudinal muscles contract, shortening the tract and pushing the food further. This process continues in a wave-like fashion, aiding in digestion. A: Digestion refers to the breakdown of food into smaller molecules. B: Deglutition is the process of swallowing food. C: Defecation is the elimination of waste from the body. Therefore, peristalsis is the correct term as it specifically describes the muscle contractions that move food through the digestive system.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it accurately describes the path through which air moves during inhalation. Air enters through the mouth/nose, passes through the pharynx, then the larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and finally reaches the alveoli in the lungs where gas exchange occurs. Choice B is incorrect because it reverses the order of the bronchi and bronchioles, and places the larynx and pharynx after the lungs, which is inaccurate. Choice C is incorrect as it skips the pharynx and larynx, and incorrectly places the lungs before the alveoli in the sequence. Choice D is incorrect as it reverses the order of the alveoli and bronchioles, and places the trachea, larynx, and pharynx after the lungs, which is not accurate in the flow of air during inhalation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: hypodermis. The hypodermis is the deepest layer of the skin and acts as an energy reserve by storing adipocytes (fat cells) that can be used for energy when needed. Adipocytes in the hypodermis help to insulate the body and provide cushioning. The epidermis (A) is the outermost layer of the skin that provides protection. The dermis (B) is the middle layer that contains blood vessels, nerves, and hair follicles. The stratum basale (D) is the bottom layer of the epidermis where new skin cells are produced. Therefore, the hypodermis is the correct answer as it specifically functions as an energy reserve through storing adipocytes.