Community Health HESI Questions

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Tertiary prevention is the stage of prevention that aims at preventing disability and maximizing the use of remaining capacity. Choice A is more aligned with rehabilitation rather than tertiary prevention. Choice B refers to primary prevention by promoting health and preventing diseases. Choice C focuses on rehabilitation specific to alcohol and drug dependence, which is a form of secondary prevention, not tertiary prevention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hepatotoxicity. Isoniazid (INH) can lead to hepatotoxicity, necessitating the monitoring of liver function tests. This adverse effect is characterized by liver damage and dysfunction. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because isoniazid is not typically associated with hyperglycemia, hypotension, or hypokalemia. Therefore, the nurse should focus on assessing for signs and symptoms of hepatotoxicity in a client receiving isoniazid.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Community health nurses are less likely to be involved in a physician's office with a focus on individual client care because their role primarily revolves around promoting and maintaining the health of populations and communities rather than providing direct care to individual clients. Options A, C, and D are more aligned with the community health nurse's role as they involve working in community-based settings, providing home-based care, and participating in community planning and advocacy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because vegetable lasagna, lettuce salad, and a whole wheat roll with 2% milk align with the nutrition goals of Healthy People 2020. These choices provide a balanced meal with vegetables, whole grains, and dairy, promoting a healthier dietary pattern. Choices A, B, and D do not offer as comprehensive a selection of food groups or as healthy options as choice C, making them less aligned with the nutrition goals of Healthy People 2020.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The most effective strategy in promoting breastfeeding in a community is offering breastfeeding education and support. This helps mothers learn about the benefits of breastfeeding, gain confidence in their ability to breastfeed, and receive necessary support to overcome challenges. Providing formula samples (Choice A) can undermine breastfeeding efforts by promoting formula feeding over breastfeeding. Encouraging early weaning (Choice C) goes against the recommendation of exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months of life. Promoting bottle feeding (Choice D) can deter mothers from initiating or continuing breastfeeding, leading to decreased breastfeeding rates.