Community Health HESI Practice Exam

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Poor hygienic practices and poor environmental conditions often create an environment conducive to the spread of parasites. Parasitism refers to the condition where parasites live on or in a host organism, potentially causing harm. In this scenario, the unsanitary conditions in Barangay Mabulaklak can lead to an increased risk of parasitic infections. The other options, influenza, hepatitis B, and measles, are not directly linked to poor hygiene and environmental conditions as parasitism is.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In planning a community health fair, the highest priority should be given to blood pressure screening. This is because hypertension is a common and serious health issue that often goes undetected. Identifying individuals with high blood pressure early can lead to timely interventions and management, potentially preventing severe complications such as heart disease or stroke. While topics like diabetes education, smoking cessation, and nutrition are important, addressing blood pressure screening first aligns with the goal of early detection and prevention of a prevalent health concern.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct term for nurses working in local/national health departments or public schools is 'public health nurse.' This term specifically refers to individual nurses in those settings. Choice A, 'Public health nursing,' is a broader term that refers to the field of nursing focused on improving community health. Choices C and D, 'Registered midwives' and 'Registered nurses,' do not specifically indicate the nurses working in local/national health departments or public schools, making them incorrect.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: health education. Health education is crucial for individuals dealing with chronic illnesses as it helps them learn how to manage their conditions effectively. Communicable disease control (choice A) focuses on preventing the spread of infectious diseases, which is not directly related to managing chronic conditions. Child survival (choice C) pertains to initiatives aimed at reducing child mortality rates, which is not directly related to addressing chronic illnesses. Environmental education (choice D) involves raising awareness about environmental issues, which is also not directly related to helping individuals live with chronic illnesses.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Anemia. Zidovudine (Retrovir) can cause bone marrow suppression, leading to anemia. Monitoring for signs of anemia, such as fatigue, pallor, and shortness of breath, is crucial. Choice A, Hyperglycemia, is not a common adverse effect of zidovudine. Choice C, Hypertension, is not directly associated with zidovudine use. Choice D, Hypercalcemia, is also not a typical adverse effect of zidovudine.