HESI LPN
Pharmacology HESI 55 Questions 2023 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A practical nurse (PN) is reviewing teaching with the client and/or significant others about the concurrent use of benztropine and olanzapine to manage psychotic behavior. What information should the PN reinforce?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Benztropine, an anticholinergic drug, is used to control extrapyramidal symptoms associated with olanzapine use.
Question 2 of 5
A client with chronic kidney disease is prescribed lanthanum carbonate. The nurse should monitor for which potential side effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Lanthanum carbonate is prescribed in chronic kidney disease to bind dietary phosphorus in the gastrointestinal tract. This action can lead to decreased phosphorus absorption and potential hypercalcemia due to the increased serum calcium levels. Therefore, the nurse should monitor the client for signs and symptoms of hypercalcemia, such as confusion, fatigue, and muscle weakness.
Question 3 of 5
What side effect is a male client likely to experience while receiving furosemide 40mg by mouth?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Muscle cramps are a common side effect of furosemide due to its impact on electrolyte levels, especially potassium. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that can lead to potassium depletion, resulting in muscle cramps as one of the manifestations of electrolyte imbalances.
Question 4 of 5
A client with a history of seizures is prescribed valproic acid. The nurse should monitor for which potential adverse effect?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Valproic acid is known to cause liver toxicity as a potential adverse effect. Regular monitoring of liver function tests is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage early on and prevent serious complications.
Question 5 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. The health care provider prescribes pilocarpine 1% eye drops. The nurse explains that which action of this drug makes it a useful treatment for the client's condition?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Pilocarpine, a cholinergic agent, stimulates the ciliary muscle to contract, which opens the trabecular meshwork and facilitates the outflow of aqueous humor, reducing intraocular pressure. This mechanism helps in managing open-angle glaucoma by improving drainage and lowering pressure within the eye.
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