HESI LPN
Pediatric HESI 2024 Questions
Question 1 of 5
A healthcare provider is assessing a child with suspected bacterial meningitis. What is a common clinical manifestation that the provider is likely to observe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A common clinical manifestation of bacterial meningitis is a positive Kernig sign, which indicates meningeal irritation. Kernig sign is elicited when the leg is bent at the hip and knee at 90-degree angles, and pain and resistance are felt with extension at the knee due to inflamed meninges. Options A, B, and C are not typically associated with bacterial meningitis. A rash is more commonly seen in viral illnesses, photophobia can be present but is not specific to bacterial meningitis, and jaundice is not a typical clinical manifestation of this condition.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 10-month-old infant. What developmental milestone should the nurse expect to observe?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pulling to a stand. By 10 months of age, most infants should be able to pull themselves up to a standing position while holding onto furniture or other support. This milestone indicates good strength and coordination in the lower body. Choice A, Crawling, is typically achieved around 6-9 months of age. Choice B, Sitting without support, usually occurs around 6-8 months. Choice C, Standing with assistance, can typically be seen around 9-12 months, but pulling to a stand is a more advanced milestone expected by 10 months.
Question 3 of 5
What should be included in the nursing plan of care for a 6-month-old infant admitted to the pediatric unit with a diagnosis of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Maintain standard and contact precautions. RSV is highly contagious, primarily spread through respiratory secretions. Therefore, it is crucial to implement infection control measures such as standard and contact precautions to prevent the spread of the virus to other patients, staff, and visitors. Choice A is incorrect because warmth and dryness are not specific interventions for RSV; the focus should be on infection control. Choice B may increase the risk of exposing others to RSV, so limiting visitors is recommended. Choice D is unnecessary because RSV is a viral infection, and antibiotics are not effective against viruses.
Question 4 of 5
Why should the nurse closely monitor the IV flow rate for a 5-month-old infant with severe diarrhea receiving IV fluids?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In infants, monitoring IV flow rates is essential to prevent fluid overload, not cardiac overload. Excessive fluid administration can lead to complications such as pulmonary edema or congestive heart failure. It is crucial to maintain a balance between providing adequate hydration and avoiding fluid overload to prevent adverse outcomes. Options A, B, and D are incorrect because the primary concern is to prevent complications related to excess fluid rather than focusing on electrolyte balance, dehydration prevention, or avoiding cardiac overload.
Question 5 of 5
A group of students is reviewing information about the various types of insulin used to treat type 1 diabetes. The students demonstrate understanding of the information when they identify which of these insulins as having the longest duration?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is Glargine (Lantus) as it has the longest duration of action among the insulins listed, lasting 12 to 24 hours. Lispro (A) and Regular (B) are rapid-acting insulins with shorter durations of action. NPH (C) is an intermediate-acting insulin with a duration of action of about 12-16 hours. Therefore, Glargine is the correct choice for the insulin with the longest duration.
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