HESI A2
HESI A2 Version 1 Anatomy and Physiology Questions
Question 1 of 5
Where is the parathyroid gland located?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The parathyroid gland is located in the neck. It consists of four small glands situated behind the thyroid gland. These glands play a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body. The correct anatomical location of the parathyroid gland is in the neck, specifically behind the thyroid gland, making choice A the correct answer.
Question 2 of 5
How much air does an adult inhale in an average breath?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: An adult typically inhales around 500 mL of air in an average breath. This volume is known as tidal volume, representing the amount of air inspired or expired during normal breathing. Tidal volume plays a crucial role in efficient gas exchange in the lungs and maintaining adequate oxygen levels in the body. It is essential for proper respiratory function and ensuring the body receives the necessary oxygen for cellular respiration and overall metabolism.
Question 3 of 5
Which type of tissue is characterized by cells found on the internal surface of the stomach, no extracellular matrix, tall and thin cells, and the absence of blood vessels?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The tissue described in the question, where cells are found on the internal surface of the stomach, are tall and thin, lack an extracellular matrix, and do not contain blood vessels, corresponds to epithelial tissue. Epithelial tissue functions to protect, absorb, and secrete, making it well-suited for lining surfaces and forming barriers in the body.
Question 4 of 5
Which type of cell secretes antibodies?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Plasma cells are a type of white blood cell specialized in producing and secreting antibodies. Antibodies, also known as immunoglobulins, are vital components of the immune system that help recognize and neutralize pathogens. When the body encounters an antigen, plasma cells are activated to produce and secrete antibodies specific to that antigen. These antibodies bind to the pathogen, marking it for destruction by other immune cells. Therefore, plasma cells are the correct answer as they are specifically designed to produce and secrete antibodies to fight infections.
Question 5 of 5
Which structure is located on the sternum?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is the Xiphoid bone. The xiphoid process is a small cartilaginous extension at the lower end of the sternum. The Sesamoid bone is a small bone embedded within a tendon, typically found in joints. The Hyoid bone is a U-shaped bone in the neck that does not articulate with any other bone. 'Ossified' means turned into bone or hardened, but it does not specifically refer to a structure located on the sternum.