ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cardiac muscle. Cardiac muscle is found exclusively in the heart, allowing it to contract rhythmically and involuntarily to pump blood throughout the body. Smooth muscle (A) is found in organs like the intestines and blood vessels, not in the heart. Skeletal muscle (C) is attached to bones and responsible for voluntary movements, while voluntary muscle (D) is a general term that refers to skeletal muscle controlled voluntarily. Therefore, the unique characteristics of cardiac muscle make it the correct answer for this question.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Active immunity involves the body's immune response, meaning the body produces its own antibodies after exposure to a pathogen. Step 2: Passive immunity provides immediate protection through antibodies from an external source, such as maternal antibodies or antibody injections. Step 3: The key difference lies in the origin of the antibodies - body's own immune response (active) vs. external antibodies (passive). Step 4: Choice B correctly identifies this distinction, making it the correct answer. Summary: Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not accurately differentiate between active and passive immunity and provide misleading information about the duration, protection spectrum, and vaccination requirements.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the atomic number represents the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which determines the element's identity. The mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus, indicating the atom's mass. The number of electrons is not directly related to either the atomic or mass number, eliminating choices B and D. Choice C is incorrect because the atomic number specifically refers to the number of protons, not neutrons. Thus, choice A is the only accurate explanation of the difference between the atomic number and the mass number.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because not all fungi are parasitic and harmful to humans. Some fungi are beneficial, while others are neutral. A is correct as fungi can be unicellular or multicellular. C is true as fungi are crucial in breaking down organic matter. D is accurate as some fungi, such as mushrooms, are consumed as food. Overall, choice B is false because it wrongly generalizes all fungi as harmful, which is not the case.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Refraction. Refraction occurs when light bends as it passes through different mediums of varying densities, such as hot air above a desert surface. This bending of light causes the mirage effect where distant objects appear distorted or displaced. Diffraction (A) is the bending of light around obstacles, not relevant in this context. Interference (C) involves the interaction of light waves, not applicable to mirages. Polarization (D) is the orientation of light waves, unrelated to the mirage effect in deserts.