ATI TEAS Practice Science Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct order of airflow in the lungs is Trachea, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli (Option C). The rationale is: 1. Air enters through the trachea. 2. Trachea branches into bronchi. 3. Bronchi further divide into bronchioles. 4. Bronchioles lead to the alveoli where gas exchange occurs. Summary: Option A is incorrect as it starts with bronchi before the trachea. Option B is incorrect as it reverses the order of bronchioles and bronchi. Option D is incorrect as it places alveoli before bronchioles and trachea before bronchi.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D because killer T cells have receptors that can recognize specific proteins displayed on the surface of infected cells. This recognition is crucial for the immune system to target and destroy infected cells effectively. The other choices are incorrect because B cells do not flag infected cells with amino acids (A), viral RNA remnants are not used for recognition by killer T cells (B), and macrophages do not directly help in identifying infected cells for killer T cell response (C). Overall, choice D stands out as the most accurate explanation based on the mechanism of T cell recognition in the immune response.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ribcage. The ribcage is a bony structure that surrounds and protects the lungs. It consists of ribs, sternum, and thoracic vertebrae, forming a protective cage around the vital organs in the thoracic cavity. The ribs provide a barrier against external forces and help maintain the shape and integrity of the lungs. The other choices are incorrect because the femur is a bone in the leg, the scapula is a bone in the shoulder, and the skull protects the brain, not the lungs.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because rugae increase the surface area of the stomach, allowing for better absorption of nutrients and more efficient digestion. This increased surface area facilitates the breakdown of food particles and enhances the absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream. The other choices are incorrect because rugae do not directly impact the output of gastric juices (A), permeability of stomach walls (C), or types of nutrients that can diffuse (D).

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The plant left outside in normal conditions serves as the control of the experiment. This is because the control group in an experiment remains unchanged and is used as a baseline for comparison. In this case, the plant left outside in normal conditions is the control as it is not subjected to any experimental manipulation, unlike the other tropical plants in the greenhouse. By comparing the growth of the plants in the greenhouse to the plant left outside, any changes in plant height can be attributed to the varying humidity levels, thus allowing for a valid comparison. Choice A is incorrect because plant height for each tropical plant is the experimental variable being measured, not the control. Choice C is incorrect as humidity level readings in the greenhouse are part of the experimental conditions, not the control. Choice D is incorrect because the amount of time used to study plant height is not the control of the experiment; it is the duration of the study.