ATI TEAS 7 Science

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Pancreas. The pancreas produces insulin and glucagon, which are hormones involved in regulating blood sugar levels. Insulin helps lower blood sugar levels, while glucagon helps raise them. The salivary glands (A) produce saliva for digestion, the liver (B) plays a role in metabolism and detoxification, and the gallbladder (C) stores and releases bile to aid in digestion. Therefore, the pancreas is the correct organ responsible for producing insulin and glucagon.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Convergent evolution. Dinosaurs evolving feathers before birds supports convergent evolution because it shows unrelated organisms (dinosaurs and birds) developing similar traits (feathers) independently to adapt to similar environmental pressures. This scenario is not an example of divergent evolution (B) where related organisms evolve different traits. It also does not demonstrate coevolution (C) where two species influence each other's evolution. The extinction of dinosaurs due to an asteroid impact (D) is not directly related to the evolution of feathers in dinosaurs before birds.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Remodeling. Bone remodeling is the process of breaking down and rebuilding bone tissue to maintain bone strength and repair micro-damage. It involves osteoclasts breaking down old bone and osteoblasts forming new bone. Ossification (A) is the process of bone formation. Calcification (C) is the deposition of calcium salts in tissues. Osteoporosis (D) is a condition characterized by weakened bones due to loss of bone density, not the process of breaking down and rebuilding bone tissue.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Total lung capacity. Total lung capacity is the maximum volume of air the lungs can hold after a full forced inhalation. It includes all the volumes within the lungs, such as tidal volume, inspiratory reserve volume, expiratory reserve volume, and residual volume. It is the sum of vital capacity and residual volume. Inspiratory capacity (A) is the maximum volume of air that can be inhaled after a normal exhalation. Tidal volume (B) is the volume of air inspired or expired during normal breathing. Vital capacity (D) is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inhalation, not the total volume the lungs can hold.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hydrogen gas and sodium chloride (NaCl). When NaOH reacts with HCl, a neutralization reaction occurs, forming water and a salt. NaOH + HCl -> NaCl + H2O. Sodium chloride and water are the products formed in this reaction. Hydrogen gas is also produced as a byproduct. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not represent the correct products of the reaction based on the chemical equation.