ATI TEAS Science Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The term 'proximal' means situated close to the point of attachment or the center of the body, such as close to the trunk. In anatomical terms, proximal is used to describe locations that are closer to the body's center or point of reference. 'Superficial' refers to something situated near the surface, 'sagittal' refers to a plane that divides the body into left and right portions, and 'distal' refers to a position away from the center or point of reference. Therefore, 'proximal' is the correct term to indicate a position close to the trunk of the body.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Enzymes are protein molecules that serve as catalysts for certain biological reactions. Enzymes are biological molecules that speed up chemical reactions in living organisms by lowering the activation energy required for the reactions to occur. They are typically proteins that have specific shapes and active sites that allow them to interact with specific substrates and facilitate reactions without being consumed themselves. The other choices are incorrect because enzymes are not irrelevant, acidic, or lipid molecules; they are primarily proteins known for their catalytic properties.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Cilia and flagella are microtubule-based structures found on the surface of many eukaryotic cells. Their primary function is to facilitate cell movement. Cilia are short, numerous, and move in coordinated waving motions to move substances along the cell's surface. Flagella are longer and usually limited to one or a few per cell, providing a propeller-like movement for the cell. Both cilia and flagella aid in cell motility and are essential for various cellular functions, primarily involved in cell movement rather than protein synthesis, protection, or digestion. Therefore, choice A is correct as it accurately describes the primary function of cilia and flagella. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as cilia and flagella are not involved in protein synthesis, cell protection, or digestion in cells.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most logical reason for some of the plants dying with the salt solution could be that salt caused the plants to begin to dry up, leading to their death. Excessive salt can disrupt the osmotic balance within plants, causing dehydration and ultimately death. Salt can create a hypertonic environment, drawing water out of plant cells and causing wilting and damage. Therefore, it is reasonable to assume that the presence of salt could have dried out some of the plants and caused them to die. Choices B and C are incorrect as the scenario presented indicates that the salt had a negative impact on the plants, causing some to die. Choice D is also incorrect as there is a valid reason provided for the plants dying due to the salt solution.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The most effective procedure in testing whether the drug is responsible for the recovery is to ensure that neither the subjects nor the investigators know which subjects are given the drug and which are given the placebo. This method is known as a double-blind study, which helps eliminate biases and ensures that the results are reliable and not influenced by expectations or beliefs. By keeping both the subjects and investigators unaware of who is receiving the drug or placebo, the study can accurately determine the true impact of the drug on recovery. Choice B is incorrect as it only prevents the subjects from knowing which treatment they are receiving, allowing for potential bias from the investigators. Choice C is also incorrect as it allows for potential bias from the subjects. Choice D is incorrect as full knowledge of treatment allocation can introduce bias and affect the study's validity.