TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Antibodies. Adaptive immunity involves the body's ability to recognize and remember specific pathogens, such as viruses or bacteria. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system in response to these specific pathogens, providing targeted defense. In contrast, choices A and B (inflammation and fever) are examples of innate immunity, which are non-specific responses to pathogens. Choice D, phagocytosis, is a component of both innate and adaptive immunity, involving the engulfment and destruction of pathogens by immune cells. However, antibodies represent a key feature of adaptive immunity by specifically targeting and neutralizing pathogens.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: follicles. Follicles contain a single immature egg cell that is released during ovulation. The egg cell matures within the follicle before being released. Oocytes (A) are the actual immature egg cells within the follicles. Ovaries (C) are the reproductive organs that contain the follicles and oocytes. Fallopian tubes (D) are the structures where fertilization typically occurs after ovulation, but they do not contain the immature egg cell before ovulation.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: skin. Skin is the primary physical barrier that the body uses to prevent infection. It acts as a protective barrier, preventing pathogens from entering the body. The outer layer of the skin, known as the epidermis, is made up of tightly packed cells that are difficult for pathogens to penetrate. Additionally, skin produces oils and sweat that contain antimicrobial properties, further protecting against infections. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: A: Mucus membranes play a role in preventing infections in certain areas like the respiratory and digestive tracts, but they are not the primary physical barrier used by the body. B: Stomach acid is a chemical barrier rather than a physical barrier against infections. D: Urine helps to flush out pathogens from the urinary tract but is not the primary physical barrier used by the body.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: smooth endoplasmic reticulum. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site of lipid synthesis due to the presence of enzymes involved in lipid metabolism. It lacks ribosomes, unlike the rough endoplasmic reticulum, which is primarily involved in protein synthesis. The Golgi apparatus functions in processing and packaging proteins for secretion. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, not lipid synthesis. Therefore, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the organelle responsible for lipid synthesis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: tongue. The tongue is the muscular organ responsible for processing food into smaller pieces by moving it around the mouth, mixing it with saliva to form a bolus, and pushing the food towards the back of the mouth to swallow. The pharynx (choice A) is the passageway for food and air, the diaphragm (choice C) is a muscle involved in breathing, and the stomach (choice D) is responsible for further digestion of food. The tongue's specific functions in manipulating food and aiding in swallowing make it the correct choice for this question.