TEAS 7 Science Practice Test

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because isotopes are atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons. Neutrons are the subatomic particles that do not have a charge and are found in the nucleus of an atom. Different isotopes of an element have the same number of protons (which determines the element's identity) but vary in the number of neutrons, leading to differences in atomic mass. This distinction in neutron number is the defining characteristic of isotopes. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect: A: Isotopes do not have different ionic charges as they have the same number of protons and electrons, maintaining overall charge neutrality. B: Isotopes can be found across different groups on the periodic table, not restricted to the same group. D: Isotopes can have the same electron configurations since electrons are primarily determined by the number of protons in the nucleus, which remains constant for isotopes of the same element.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In anaphase of mitosis, chromatids separate and move to opposite poles of the cell, ensuring each daughter cell receives a complete set of chromosomes. This ensures genetic stability and accurate distribution of genetic material. In metaphase, chromosomes align at the cell's equator but do not separate. Prophase is the initial stage of mitosis where chromosomes condense but do not divide, and telophase is the final stage where chromosomes decondense and nuclear envelopes reform. Therefore, anaphase is the correct phase where chromatids divide into chromosomes and migrate to opposite ends of the cell.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: parietal lobe. The parietal lobe is primarily responsible for processing and integrating sensory information received from the rest of the body. It plays a key role in processing touch, pressure, temperature, and pain sensations. Additionally, the parietal lobe is involved in spatial perception, attention, and body awareness. Frontal lobe (A) is responsible for higher cognitive functions such as decision-making and problem-solving. Occipital lobe (B) is primarily responsible for processing visual information. Temporal lobe (D) is involved in processing auditory information and memory functions. Therefore, the parietal lobe is the most appropriate choice for processing and integrating sensory information.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: medulla oblongata. This region of the brain is responsible for controlling and regulating autonomic functions like respiration, digestion, and heart rate. It is located in the brainstem and contains vital centers for these functions. The cerebellum (A) is primarily involved in coordination and balance. The temporal lobe (C) is responsible for auditory processing and memory. The cerebral cortex (D) is involved in higher cognitive functions like thinking and decision-making. Therefore, the medulla oblongata is the correct choice as it specifically controls autonomic functions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: capillaries. Capillaries are tiny blood vessels where the exchange of oxygen and nutrients occurs between the blood and tissues through diffusion. Capillaries have thin walls to facilitate the exchange process efficiently. Veins carry blood back to the heart, ventricles are chambers of the heart, and arteries carry blood away from the heart. Thus, they are not sites for oxygen exchange between blood and tissues.