ATI TEAS Science Test

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct order of normal blood flow through the heart is as follows: from the body, blood flows into the right atrium, then to the right ventricle, followed by the lungs through the pulmonary artery for oxygenation. Oxygenated blood then returns to the heart through the pulmonary veins into the left atrium, then moves into the left ventricle before being pumped out to the body. Choice B correctly depicts this sequential flow of blood through the heart. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not follow the typical path of blood flow through the heart.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The corrected question focuses on the consequence of bone marrow failure, which is pancytopenia. Bone marrow failure results in decreased production of red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, leading to pancytopenia. This condition manifests as fatigue, weakness, increased infection susceptibility, and bleeding tendencies. Paraplegia, seizures, and pathologic fractures are not typical outcomes of bone marrow failure. Paraplegia is associated with spinal cord injury, seizures with neurological disorders, and pathologic fractures with conditions like osteoporosis or bone tumors.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Long bones are one of the five major types of bones in the human body, characterized by their elongated shape. Thighs, forearms, and ankles are examples of long bones as they are longer than they are wide and have a tubular structure, aiding in support and movement. Fingers, however, are categorized as short bones due to their small size and shape. Short bones like fingers are essential for providing dexterity and precise movements rather than supporting weight or acting as levers for movement. Therefore, the correct answer is D, Fingers, as they are not classified as long bones.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is the axon. The axon is the elongated, threadlike part of a neuron that carries nerve impulses away from the cell body towards other neurons or target cells, such as muscles or glands, in the direction of a synapse. Action potentials travel along the axon as electrical signals to communicate with neighboring cells. The cell body (choice A) contains the nucleus and organelles but does not transmit action potentials. Neuron (choice C) is a broad term that includes the entire nerve cell, not a specific structure. Myelin (choice D) is a fatty substance that surrounds and insulates axons, aiding in the conduction of nerve impulses, but it does not directly carry the action potential towards a synapse.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: During the process of oogenesis, primary oocytes undergo meiosis to develop into secondary oocytes, which are the matured eggs released during ovulation for potential fertilization. Therefore, primary oocytes produce eggs, not sperm, oogonia, or stem cells, during oogenesis. Choice A (sperm) is incorrect as sperm is produced through spermatogenesis in males. Choice C (oogonia) is incorrect as oogonia are the cells that give rise to primary oocytes but are not the direct product of primary oocytes. Choice D (stem cells) is incorrect as primary oocytes do not directly produce stem cells during oogenesis.